Question

[Cô Phương Thảo]

Hoàn thành sơ đồ phản ứng điều chế propan-2-ol sau đây (ghi rõ điều kiện phản ứng nếu có).

\[Pentane\overset{(1)}{\rightarrow}propane\overset{(2)}{\rightarrow}A\overset{(3)}{\rightarrow}B\overset{(4)}{\rightarrow}propan - 2 - ol\]

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Gia Bảo]

(a) 2CH₃[CH₂]₄CHO + O₂  xt,to−→→xt,to 2CH₃[CH₂]₄COOH

hexanal                         hexanoic acid

(b) CH₃[CH₂]₆CHO + H_{2 Ni,to−−→→Ni,to} CH₃[CH₂]₆CH₂OH

octanal                          octan-1-ol

(c) CH₃CH₂COOH + CH₃OH  H2SO4dac,t°⇌⇌H2SO4dac,t° CH₃CH₂COOCH₃ + H₂O

     propanoic acid                        methanol     methyl propanoate

(d) CH₃CH₂-CO-CH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂   Ni,to−−→→Ni,to  CH₃CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₂CH₂CH₃

        hexan-3-one                                    hexan-3-ol

(e) CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂COOH + CH₃-CH(OH)-CH_{3  Ni,to−−→→Ni,to}

3-methylpentanoic acid         propan-2-ol

CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂COOCH(CH₃)₂ + H₂O

isopropyl 3-methylpentanoate

(g) CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CHO + H₂   Ni,to−−→→Ni,to CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂OH

         2-methylbutanal                            2-methylbutanol

(h) CH₃CH(CH₃)CH(CH₃)CH₂OH+O_{2 enzyme−−−→→enzyme}CH₃CH(CH₃)CH(CH₃)COOH + H₂O

2,3-dimethylbutan-1-ol                   2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid