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Xét dãy số: 2; 3; 4;...; 2023
Dãy số trên là dãy số cách đều với khoảng cách là: 2 - 1 = 1
Số số hạng của dãy số trên là: (2023 - 2) : 1 + 1 = 2022
Vì \(\dfrac{3}{2^2}\) = \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) < 1 ; \(\dfrac{8}{3^2}\) = \(\dfrac{3^2-1}{3^2}\) < 1;...; \(\dfrac{2023^2-1}{2023^2}\) < 1
Vậy A là tổng của 2022 phân số mã mỗi phân số đều nhỏ hơn 1
⇒ A < 1 x 2022 = 2022 (1)
Mặt khác ta có:
A = \(\dfrac{3}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{3^2}\) + \(\dfrac{15}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{2023^2-1}{2023^2}\)
A = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + ... + 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\)
A = (1 + 1 + 1+ ...+ 1) - (\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\))
A = 2022 - (\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + .... + \(\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\))
Đặt B = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + .... + \(\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
............................
\(\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{2022.2023}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
B < 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
⇒ - B > -1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
⇒ A = 2022 - B > 2022 - 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\) = 2021 + \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\) ⇒ A > 2021 (2)
Kết hợp (1) và (2) ta có:
2021 < A < 2022
Vậy A không phải là số tự nhiên (đpcm)
A = 3. \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) - 5. \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) + 7. \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\) + ... + 15. \(\dfrac{1}{7.8}\) -17 . \(\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{-3}{4}+\dfrac{7}{12}\right):\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{9}{24}+\dfrac{-18}{24}+\dfrac{14}{24}\right):\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{24}:\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{24}.\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{10}+\dfrac{8}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\)
c) \(6\dfrac{5}{12}:2\dfrac{3}{4}+11\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{77}{12}:\dfrac{11}{4}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{77}{12}.\dfrac{4}{11}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\left(\dfrac{5}{15}+\dfrac{3}{15}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\dfrac{8}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{14.2}{1.3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{28}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{35}{3}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{7}{8}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right).1\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.\left(3,5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{8}-\dfrac{6}{8}\right).\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.12\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{8}.\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.\dfrac{49}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{21}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10}{3}\)
e) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+0,415-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).2\dfrac{2}{3}.0,25\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{83}{200}-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{120}{200}+\dfrac{83}{200}-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=1.\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
f) \(\dfrac{5}{16}:0,125-\left(2\dfrac{1}{4}-0,6\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{16}:\dfrac{1}{8}-\left(\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{3}{5}\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{16}.\dfrac{8}{1}-\left(\dfrac{45}{20}-\dfrac{12}{20}\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{33}{20}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
g) \(0,25:\left(10,3-9,8\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}:\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{2}{1}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)
h) \(1\dfrac{13}{15}.0,75-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+20\%\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{28}{15}.\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+\dfrac{4}{20}\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\dfrac{3}{4}:\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\dfrac{9}{28}\)
\(=\dfrac{196}{140}-\dfrac{45}{140}\)
\(=\dfrac{151}{140}\)
i) \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2-0,75}\right).\left(0,2-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)}{\dfrac{5}{9}-1\dfrac{1}{12}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{1,25}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)}{\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{13}{12}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{1,25}.\dfrac{-1}{5}}{\dfrac{20}{36}-\dfrac{39}{36}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{-1}{6,25}}{\dfrac{-19}{36}}\)
k) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{1}{14}}{-1-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{28}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{2}{28}}{-\dfrac{3}{3}-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{28}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{28}\right)}{\left(-3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{28}\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(A=0,7.2\dfrac{2}{3}.20.0,375.\dfrac{5}{28}\)
\(A=\dfrac{7}{10}.\dfrac{8}{3}.20.\dfrac{3}{8}.\dfrac{5}{28}\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{7}{10}.\dfrac{5}{28}\right).\left(\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{3}{8}\right).20\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{8}.1.20\)
\(A=\dfrac{20}{8}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(B=\left(9\dfrac{30303}{80808}+7\dfrac{303030}{484848}\right)+4,03\)
\(B=\left(9\dfrac{3}{8}+7\dfrac{5}{8}\right)+4,03\)
\(B=\left[\left(9+7\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}\right)\right]+4,03\)
\(B=\left(16+1\right)+4,03\)
\(B=17+4,03\)
\(B=21,03\)
\(C=\left(9,75.21\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{39}{4}.18\dfrac{4}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{39}{4}.\dfrac{150}{7}+\dfrac{39}{4}.\dfrac{130}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\dfrac{39}{4}.\left(\dfrac{150}{7}+\dfrac{130}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\dfrac{39}{4}.40.\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=390.\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=75\)
1)
a)
\(\dfrac{-21}{28}=\dfrac{\left(-21\right):7}{28:7}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\\ \dfrac{-39}{52}=\dfrac{\left(-39\right):13}{52:13}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{-3}{4}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\) nên \(\dfrac{-21}{28}=\dfrac{-39}{52}\)
b)
\(\dfrac{-1717}{2323}=\dfrac{\left(-17\right)\cdot101}{23\cdot101}=\dfrac{-17}{23}\\ \dfrac{-171717}{232323}=\dfrac{\left(-17\right)\cdot10101}{23\cdot10101}=\dfrac{-17}{23}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{-17}{23}=\dfrac{-17}{23}\) nên \(\dfrac{-1717}{2323}=\dfrac{-171717}{232323}\)
2)
Theo tính chất cơ bản của phân số ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\cdot m}{b\cdot m}\) mà \(m\ne n\)
nên không thể.
Trường hợp duy nhất là khi \(a=0\)
Khi đó: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{0}{b}=\dfrac{0\cdot m}{b\cdot n}=\dfrac{0}{b\cdot n}=0\)
3)
Gọi ƯCLN\(\left(12n+1,30n+2\right)\) là \(d\)
Ta có:
\(12n+1⋮d\\ \Rightarrow5\cdot\left(12n+1\right)⋮d\left(1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow60n+5⋮d\\ 30n+2⋮d\\ \Rightarrow2\cdot\left(30n+2\right)⋮d\\ \Leftrightarrow60n+4⋮d\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có:
\(\left(60n+5\right)-\left(60n+4\right)⋮d\\ \Leftrightarrow1⋮d\\ \Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy ƯCLN\(\left(12n+1,30n+2\right)=1\)
Mà hai số có ƯCLN = 1 thì hai số đó nguyên tố cùng nhau và không có ước chung nào khác
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{12n+1}{30n+2}\)tối giản
A = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2022}{50^8}\)
A = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\)
B = \(\dfrac{2023}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{5^8}\) = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\)
Vì: \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\) nên \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\) < \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\)
Vậy A > B
d, Vì B=10^1993+1/10^1992+1 > 1 =>10^1993+1/10^1992+1>10^1993+1+9/10^1992+1+9 = 10^1993+10/10^1992+10= 10. (10^1992+1)/10. (10^1991+1) = 10^1992+1/10^1991+1=A Vậy A=B
cau d B>1 ta co tinh chat (\(\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+m}{b+m}\) ) B> \(\dfrac{10^{1993}+1+9}{10^{1992}+1+9}\)\(=\dfrac{10^{1993}+10}{10^{1992}+10}\)=\(\dfrac{10\left(10^{1992}+1\right)}{10\left(10^{1991}+1\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{10^{1992}+1}{10^{1991}+1}\)=A
Suy ra B>A(chuc ban hoc goi nhe)
a) Đặt :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+.................+\dfrac{1}{100!}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}=\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3!}=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4!}=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
.....................................
\(\dfrac{1}{100!}=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3..........100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...........+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...........+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(A< \dfrac{99}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\rightarrowđpcm\)
b) Đặt :
\(B=\dfrac{9}{10!}+\dfrac{9}{11!}+\dfrac{9}{12!}+.............+\dfrac{9}{1000!}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{9}{10!}=\dfrac{10-1}{10!}=\dfrac{1}{9!}-\dfrac{1}{10!}\)
\(\dfrac{9}{11!}< \dfrac{11-1}{11!}=\dfrac{1}{10!}-\dfrac{1}{11!}\)
...................................................
\(\dfrac{9}{1000!}< \dfrac{1000-1}{1000!}=\dfrac{1}{999!}-\dfrac{1}{1000!}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{9!}-\dfrac{1}{10!}+\dfrac{1}{10!}-\dfrac{1}{11!}+............+\dfrac{1}{999!}-\dfrac{1}{1000!}\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{9!}-\dfrac{1}{1000!}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{9!}\rightarrowđpcm\)
~ Chúc bn học tốt ~
=-1/10(-21,22+11,22)+2021/2023(2025-2)
=2021-1/10*(-10)
=2021+1=2022