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\(A=x^2+x+2=\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{7}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\ge0+\frac{7}{4}=\frac{7}{4}.\) Dâu bàng xay ra khi: \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(B=4x^2-4x-1=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-2=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\ge0-2=-2\Rightarrow B_{min}=-2\) Dâu bàng xay ra: \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=x^2+y^2+2x-4y+2=x^2+y^2+2x-4y+5-3=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-3=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge0+0-3=-3\) Dâu bàng xay ra\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(A=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\)
Với mọi x, y ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy....
b/ \(B=-4x^2-9y^2-4x+6y+3\)
\(=-\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)+1\)
\(=-\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(3y+1\right)^2+1\)
Với mọi x, y ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(3y+1\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(2x+1\right)^2\le0\\-\left(3y+1\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(3y+1\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=-\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{a) }A=2x^2+4x\)
\(A=2x^2+4x+2-2\)
\(A=2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-2\)
\(A=2\left(x+1\right)^2-2\)
\(\text{Vì }2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\text{nên }2\left(x+1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(\text{hay }A\ge0\)
\(\text{Vậy }GTNN_A=-2\text{, dấu bằng xảy ra khi x = -1}\)
\(A=2x^2+4x=2\left(x^2+2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1-1\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=2\left(x+1\right)^2-2\ge-2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
a) Ta có: \(M=-x^2-4x+20\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x-20\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-24\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+24\le24\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
a) Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}2\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow A=2\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
Dâu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 0 khi x = 1 ; y = -3
b) Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x+1\right)^2\le0\forall x\\-y^2\le0\forall y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow B=-\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2+2\le2\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 2 khi x = -1 ; y = 0
\(B=3x^2-5x+7=3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2+\frac{59}{12}\ge\frac{59}{12}\)
\(C=x^2-4x+3+11=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+10=\left(x-2\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(D=-x^2-4x-y^2+2y=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+5=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+5\le5\)
\(M=x^2-8x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=x^2-8x+16-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(x-4\right)^2-11\ge-11\)
Min M = -11
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
\(N=-3x-6x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=-9x-9\le-9\)
Max N = -9
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
1/
a, \(A=4x^2-4x+5=4x^2-4x+1+4=\left(2x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1/2
Vậy Amin=4 khi x=1/2
b, \(B=3x^2+6x-1=3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-4=3\left(x+1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=-1
Vậy Bmin = -4 khi x=-1
2/
a, \(A=10+6x-x^2=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+19=-\left(x-3\right)^2+19\le19\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=3
Vậy Amax = 19 khi x=3
b, \(B=7-5x-2x^2=-2\left(x^2-\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{25}{16}\right)+\frac{31}{8}=-2\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{31}{8}\le\frac{31}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=5/4
Vậy Bmax = 31/8 khi x=5/4