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Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow xyz=1\) và \(x;y;z>0\)
Gọi biểu thức cần tìm GTNN là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{x^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{y^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{z^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3zx}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^3xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
a.
\(A=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x}+\dfrac{x+2}{x}+\dfrac{x-2}{x}\right):\dfrac{x+1}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x}\right).\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+3x+1}{x+1}\)
2.
\(x^3-4x^3+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=3\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^2+3.3+1}{3+1}=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Bài 4:
a. Vì $\triangle ABC\sim \triangle A'B'C'$ nên:
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AC}{A'C'}(1)$ và $\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}$
$\frac{DB}{DC}=\frac{D'B'}{D'C}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BC}=\frac{D'B'}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{BD}{B'D'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}$
Xét tam giác $ABD$ và $A'B'D'$ có:
$\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{ABC}=\widehat{A'B'C'}=\widehat{A'B'D'}$
$\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BD}{B'D'}$
$\Rightarrow \triangle ABD\sim \triangle A'B'D'$ (c.g.c)
b.
Từ tam giác đồng dạng phần a và (1) suy ra:
$\frac{AD}{A'D'}=\frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}$
$\Rightarrow AD.B'C'=BC.A'D'$
a.
\(\dfrac{x-ab}{a+b}+\dfrac{x-bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{x-ca}{c+a}>a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-ab}{a+b}-c+\dfrac{x-bc}{b+c}-a+\dfrac{x-ac}{a+c}-b>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-ab-ac-bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{x-ab-ac-bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{c-ab-ac-bc}{a+c}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-ab-ac-bc\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-ab-ac-bc>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x>ab+ac+bc\)
b.
\(\dfrac{a+b-x}{c}+\dfrac{a+c-x}{b}+\dfrac{b+c-x}{a}< \dfrac{-3x}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b-x}{c}+1+\dfrac{a+c-x}{b}+1+\dfrac{b+c-x}{a}+1< \dfrac{-3x}{a+b+c}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c-x}{c}+\dfrac{a+b+c-x}{b}+\dfrac{a+b+c-x}{a}< \dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-x\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-x\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)>0\) (1)
Do \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}< 0\)
Do đó (1) \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c-x< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x>a+b+c\)
8a.
BPT $\Leftrightarrow (\frac{x-ab}{a+b}-c)+(\frac{x-ac}{a+c}-b)+(\frac{x-bc}{b+c}-a)>0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-(ab+bc+ac)}{a+b}+\frac{x-(ab+bc+ac)}{a+c}+\frac{x-(ab+bc+ac)}{b+c}>0$
$\Leftrightarrow [x-(ab+bc+ac)](\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c})>0$
$\Leftrightarrow x-(ab+bc+ac)>0$ (do $\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}>0$ với $a,b,c$ dương)
$\Leftrightarrow x> ab+bc+ac$