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a) 6P + 5KClO3 --> 3P2O5 + 5KCl
| 2P0-10e-->P2+5 | x3 |
| Cl+5 +6e--> Cl- | x5 |
b) S + 2HNO3 --> H2SO4 + 2NO
| S0-6e-->S+6 | x1 |
| N+5 +3e --> N+2 | x2 |
c) 4NH3 + 5O2 --to--> 4NO + 6H2O
| N-3 -5e--> N+2 | x4 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x5 |
d) 4NH3 + 3O2 --to--> 2N2 + 6H2O
| 2N-3 -6e--> N20 | x2 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x3 |
e) 2H2S + O2 --to--> 2S + 2H2O
| S-2 +2e--> S0 | x2 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x1 |
f) Fe2O3 + 3CO --> 2Fe + 3CO2
| Fe2+3 +6e--> 2Fe0 | x1 |
| C-2 +2e--> C_4 | x3 |
g) MnO2 + 4HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
| Mn+4 +2e--> Mn+2 | x1 |
| 2Cl- -2e--> Cl20 | x1 |
3 ý cuối:
2KNO3 + 3C + S \(\rightarrow\)K2S + 3CO2 + N2
(5x-2y)Al +(18x-6y) HNO3 \(\rightarrow\) (5x-2y)Al(NO3)3 +3 NxOy + (9x-3y)H2O
2FexOy + (6x-2y)H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)xFe2(SO4)3 + (3x-2y)SO2 +(6x-2y) H2O
1) \(4NH_3+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4NO\uparrow+6H_2O\)
2) \(4NH_3+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2N_2+6H_2O\)
3) \(2H_2S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2S+2H_2O\)
4) \(6P+5KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}3P_2O_5+5KCl\)
5) \(3Fe_2O_3+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_3O_4+CO_2\)
4 ý cuối :
1)
Cu + 2H2SO4→ CuSO4+ SO2+2H2O
Cu0 →Cu+2 +2e║ x1
S+6+2e →S+4 ║ x1
2)
2Al+ 4H2SO4→ Al2(SO4)3+ S+ 4H2O
2Al0→2Al+3 +6e║x1
S+6 +6e→S0 ║x1
3)
4Zn +5H2SO4→ 4ZnSO4+ H2S+ 4H2O
Zn0\(\rightarrow\) Zn+2 +2e ║x4
S+6 +8e →S−2 ║x1
4)
8Fe+ 15H2SO4→ 4Fe2(SO4)3+3H2S+ 12H2O
2Fe0→ 2Fe+3+6e║x4
S+6 +8e →S−2 ║x3
6 ý đầu
1.\(\overset{-3}{4NH_2}+\overset{0}{5O_2}\rightarrow\overset{+2+6}{4NO}+\overset{-2}{6H_2O}\)
4 X \(||\) N-3 + 5e → N+2
5 X \(||\) 2O0 + 4e → 2O-2
2.\(\overset{-3}{4NH3}+\overset{0}{3O_2}\rightarrow\overset{0}{2N_2}+\overset{-2}{6H_2O}\)
2 X \(||\) 2N-3 + 6e → 2N0
3 X \(||\) 2O0 + 4e → 2O-2
3.\(\overset{0}{3Mg}+\overset{+5}{8NO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{3Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}+\overset{+2}{2NO}+\overset{ }{4H_2O}\)
3 X \(||\) Mg0 → Mg+2 + 2e
2 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+2
4.\(\overset{0}{Al}+\overset{+5}{6NO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+4}{3NO_2}+\overset{ }{3H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Al0 → Al+3 + 3e
3 X \(||\) N+5 + 1e → N+4
5.\(\overset{0}{Zn}+\overset{+5}{4HNO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+2}{NO}+\overset{ }{2H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Zn0 → Mg+2 + 2e
2 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+4
6.\(\overset{0}{Fe}+\overset{+5}{4HNO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+2}{NO}+\overset{ }{2H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Fe0 → Fe+3 + 3e
1 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+2
\(H_2\overset{-2}{S}+K\overset{+7}{Mn}O_4+H_2SO_4\rightarrow H_2O+\overset{0}{S}+\overset{+2}{Mn}SO_4+K_2SO_4\)
quá trình OXH : \(\overset{-2}{S}\rightarrow\overset{0}{S}+2e|\times5\)
quá trình khử : \(\overset{+7}{Mn}+5e\rightarrow\overset{+2}{Mn}|\times2\)
\(\Rightarrow5H_2S+2KMnO_4+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow8H_2O+5S+2MnSO_4+K_2SO_4\)
a) \(H_2S^{-2}+KMn^{+7}O_4+H_2S^{+6}O_4\rightarrow S^0+K_2SO_4+Mn^{+2}SO4+H_2O\)Qúa trình oxh:\(S^{-2}\rightarrow S^0+2e\)
Qúa trình khử:\(Mn^{+7}+5e\rightarrow Mn^{+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow5H_2S+2KMnO_4+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow5S+2K_2SO_4+MnSO_4+8H_2O\)
mình ghi số cân bằng thôi nhaa, 3Mg +8HNO3 -> 3(Mg(NO3)2+2NO+4H2O
b, Fe+6H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2 + 6H2O
c, 4Mg + 5H2SO4 -> 4MgSO4 + H2S + 4H2O
d, 8Al +30 HNO3 -> 8Al(NO3)3 + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
e, 6FeCO3 + 10H2SO4 -> 3Fe2(SO4)3 +S+ 6CO2 +10H2O
f, 8Fe3O4 +74HNO3 -> 24Fe(NO3)3 + N2O + 37H2O
g, 8Al +30HNO3 -> 8Al(NO3)3 + 3N2O + 15H2O
h,10FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 +2KMnO4 -> 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 +8H2O
i,2KMnO4 +16 HCl ->2 KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
j,K2Cr2O7 +14HCl -> 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O
