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a) ( 3x - 1 )2 - 4
= ( 3x - 1 ) - 22
= ( 3x - 1 - 2 )( 3x - 1 + 2 )
= ( 3x - 3 )( 3x + 1 )
= 3( x - 1 )( 3x + 1 )
b) ( x + y )2 - x2
= ( x + y - x )( x + y + x )
= y( 2x + y )
c) 100 - ( 2x - y )2
= 102 - ( 2x - y )2
= [ 10 - ( 2x - y ) ][ 10 + ( 2x - y ) ]
= ( 10 - 2x + y )( 10 + 2x - y )
d) ( 2x - 1 )2 - ( x - 1 )2
= [ ( 2x - 1 ) - ( x - 1 ) ][ ( 2x - 1 ) + ( x - 1 ) ]
= ( 2x - 1 - x + 1 )( 2x - 1 + x - 1 )
= x( 3x - 2 )
e) 4( x + 6 )2 - 9( 1 + x )2
= 22( x + 6 )2 - 32( 1 + x )2
= ( 2x + 12 )2 - ( 3 + 3x )2
= [ ( 2x + 12 ) - ( 3 + 3x ) ][ ( 2x + 12 + ( 3 + 3x ) ]
= ( 2x + 12 - 3 - 3x )( 2x + 12 + 3 + 3x )
= ( 9 - x )( 5x + 15 )
= 5( 9 - x )( x + 3 )
\(x^2-y^2\)
\(=x^2+xy-xy-y^2\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
(x2 - x + 1)2 - 5x(x2 - x + 1) + 4x2
Đặt x2 - x + 1 = a
<=> a2 - 5xa + 4x2 = x2 - 4xa - xa + 4x2
= a(a - 4x) - x(a - 4x) = (a - x)(a - 4x)
= (x2 - x + 1 - x)(x2 - x + 1 - 4x)
= (x2 - 2x + 1)(x2 - 5x + 1) = (x - 1)2(x2 - 5x + 1)
Đặt x2 - x + 1 = y
đthức <=> y2 - 5xy + 4x2
= y2 - xy - 4xy + 4x2
= y( y - x ) - 4x( y - x )
= ( y - x )( y - 4x )
= ( x2 - x + 1 - x )( x2 - x + 1 - 4x )
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 )( x2 - 5x + 1 )
= ( x - 1 )2( x2 - 5x + 1 )
x3-x2+x+3=x3+1-x2+1+x+1
=(x+1)(x2+x+1)-(x2-1)+(x+1)
=(x+1)(x2+x+1)-(x+1)(x-1)+(x+1)
=(x+1)[(x2+x+1)-(x-1)+1]
=(x+1)(x2+x+1-x+1+1)
=(x+1)(x2+3)
\(x^2+x-6=x^2-2x+3x-6=x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
x2 + x - 6
= x2 - 2x + 3x - 6
= x ( x - 2 ) + 3 ( x - 2 )
= ( x - 2 ) ( x + 3 )
\(4x^4-21x^2y^2+y^4\)
\(=\left(4x^4+4x^2y^2+y^4\right)-25x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(5xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2-5xy\right)\left(2x^2+y^2+5xy\right)\)
\(a,4x^4-21x^2y^2+y^4=\left(2x^2\right)^2+4x^2y^2+y^4-4x^2y^2-21x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-25x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2-5xy\right)\left(2x^2+y^2+5xy\right)\)
\(b,x^5-5x^3+4x=x\left(x^4-5x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^4-4x^2-x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x\left[x^2\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(c,x^3+5x^2+3x-9=x^3-x^2+6x^2-6x+9x-9\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)+6x\left(x-1\right)+9\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x+3x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left[x\left(x+3\right)+3\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(d,x^{16}+x^8-2=x^{16}+2x^8-x^8-2\)
\(=x^8\left(x^8-1\right)+2\left(x^8-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^8-1\right)\left(x^8+2\right)\)
đặt a=x^2-5x
(x^2-5x)^2+10(x^2-5x+24)
=a^2+10(a+24)
=a^2+10a+24
=a^2+6a+4a+24
=a(a+6)+4(a+6)
=(a+6)(a+4)
=(x^2-5x+6)(x^2-5x+4)
đây nha bạn