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a) Ta có : (x - 5)2 - 16
= (x - 5)2 - 42
= (x - 5 - 4)(x - 5 + 4)
= (x - 1)(x - 9)
b) 25 - (3 - x)2
= 52 - (3 - x)2
= (5 - 3 + x)(5 + 3 - x)
= (x + 2)(8 - x)
c) (7x - 4)2 - (2x + 1)2
= (7x - 4 - 2x - 1)(7x - 4 + 2x + 1)
= (5x - 5)(9x - 3)
= 5(x - 1)3(3x - 1)
= 15(x - 1)(3x - 1)
\(\left(x-5\right)^2-16=\left(x-5\right)^2-4^2=\left(x-5-4\right)\left(x-5+4\right)=\left(x-9\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(25-\left(3-x\right)^2=5^2-\left(3-x\right)^2=\left(5-3+x\right)\left(5+3-x\right)=\left(2+x\right)\left(8-x\right)\)
\(\left(7x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2=\left(7x-4-2x-1\right)\left(7x-4+2x+1\right)=\left(5x-5\right)\left(9x-3\right)=15\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)\(49\left(y-4\right)^2-9\left(y+2\right)^2=\left[7\left(y-4\right)\right]^2-\left[3\left(y+2\right)\right]^2=\left(7y-28-3y-6\right)\left(7y-28+3y-6\right)=\left(4y-34\right)\left(10y-22\right)\)\(=4.\left(2y-17\right)\left(5y-11\right)\)
e); f) Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức số 6,7 để làm
a. \(\left(x-5\right)^2-16=x^2-10x+25-16=x\left(x-1\right)-9\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-9\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b. \(25-\left(3-x\right)^2=25-9+6x-x^2=-x^2-2x+8x+16=-x\left(x+2\right)+8\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-8\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c. \(\left(7x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2=49x^2-56x+16-4x^2-4x-1=45x^2-60x+15\)
\(=15\left(3x^2-4x+1\right)=15\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
a) ( x - 5 )2 - 16 = ( x - 5 )2 - 42 = ( x - 5 - 4 )( x - 5 + 4 ) = ( x - 9 )( x - 1 )
b) 25 - ( 3 - x )2 = 52 - ( 3 - x )2 = [ 5 - ( 3 - x ) ][ 5 + ( 3 - x ] = [ 2 + x ][ 8 - x ]
c) ( 7x - 4 )2 - ( 2x + 1 )2 = [ 7x - 4 - ( 2x + 1 ) ][ 7x - 4 + ( 2x + 1 ) ] = [ 5x - 5 ][ 9x - 3 ]
d) 49( y - 4 )2 - 9( y + 2 )2 = 72( y - 4 )2 - 32( y + 2 )2
= [ 7( y - 4 ) ]2 - [ 3( y + 2 ) ]2
= [ 7y - 28 ]2 - [ 3y + 6 ]2
= [ 7y - 28 - ( 3y + 6 ) ][ 7y - 28 + ( 3y + 6 ) ]
= [ 4y - 34 ][ 10y - 22 ]
e) 8x3 + 1/27 = ( 2x )3 + ( 1/3 )3 = ( 2x + 1/3 )( 4x2 - 2/3x + 1/9 )
f) 125 - x6 = 53 - ( x2 )3 = ( 5 - x2 )( 25 + 5x2 + x4 )
a)x^2-(a+b)x+ab
= x^2 - ax - bx + ab
= (x^2 - ax) - (bx - ab)
= x(x-a) - b(x-a)
= (x-b)(x-a)
b)7x^3-3xyz-21x^2+9z
=
c)4x+4y-x^2(x+y)
= 4(x + y) - x^2(x+y)
= (4-x^2) (x+y)
= (2-x)(2+x)(x+y)
d) y^2+y-x^2+x
= (y^2 - x^2) + (x+y)
= (y-x)(y+x)+ (x+y)
= (y-x+1) (x+y)
e)4x^2-2x-y^2-y
= [(2x)^2 - y^2] - (2x +y)
= (2x-y)(2x+y) - (2x+y)
= (2x -y -1)(2x+y)
f)9x^2-25y^2-6x+10y
=
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
a: =(6x)^2-(3x-2)^2
=(6x-3x+2)(6x+3x-2)
=(9x-2)(3x+2)
d: \(=\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
\(=4x\cdot\left[x^2+2x+1+x^2-2x+1\right]\)
=8x(x^2+1)
e: =(4x)^2-2*4x*3y+(3y)^2
=(4x-3y)^2
f: \(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^4-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\cdot2y^3+4y^6\right)\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2-2y^3\right)^2\)
g: =(4x)^3+1^3
=(4x+1)(16x^2-4x+1)
k: =x^3(27x^3-8)
=x^3(3x-2)(9x^2+6x+4)
l: =(x^3-y^3)(x^3+y^3)
=(x-y)(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)(x^2+xy+y^2)
a,\(\left(x-5\right)^2-16=\left(x-5\right)^2-4^2=\left(x-5-4\right)\left(x-5+4\right)=\left(x-9\right)\left(x-1\right)\)