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\(a) m_{Cu} = 9,6(gam)\\ n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 16,55 -9,6 =6,95(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{3,92}{22,4} = 0,175(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,05 ; b = 0,1\\ m_{Al} = 0,05.27 = 1,35(gam); n_{Fe} = 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)\)
\(b) n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,175.2 = 0,35(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,35.36,5 = 12,775(gam)\)
Y là Cu không tan trong dd HCl
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{O_2}=m_{CuO}-m_{Cu}=m+0,6-m=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,6}{32}=0,01875\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,0375<-0,01875
=> mCu = 0,0375.80 = 3 (g)
Ơ mCu > mhh (3 > 1,74) đề sai hả bạn, bạn check lại cho mình :D
Phần 1 :
$m_{Cu} = 0,4(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a ; n_{Al} = b \Rightarrow 56a + 27b + 0,4 = 1,5 : 2 = 0,75(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{896}{1000.22,4} = 0,04(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = -0,025 < 0$
$\to$ Sai đề
a) Y là Cu
$m_{Cu} = 8(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$
Ta có : $27a + 56b + 8 = 13,45(1)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,15 ; b = 0,025$
$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{8}{13,45}.100\% = 59,47\%$
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,15.27}{13,45}.100\% = 30,11\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = 10,42\%$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25}{0,5} = 0,5(lít)$
Chất rắn D là Cu, chất rắn E là CuO
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01<-0,005
=> mCu = 0,01.64 = 0,64 (g)
Gọi số mol K, Ba là a, b (mol)
=> 39a + 137b = 3,18 - 0,64 = 2,54 (1)
PTHH: 2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
a--------------->a
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b--------------->b
=> 56a + 171b = 3,39 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,03 (mol); b = 0,01 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{3,18}.100\%=20,126\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.,39}{3,18}.100\%=36,792\%\\\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{0,01.137}{3,18}.100\%=43,082\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{O_2}=m+0,16-m=0,16\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01 0,005
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_K=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
2K + 2H2O ---> 2KOH + H2
a a
Ba + 2H2O ---> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}39a+137b=3,18-0,01.64=2,54\\56a+171b=3,39\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,03\left(mol\right)\\b=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,01.64}{3,18}=20,13\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.39}{3,18}=36,79\%\\\%m_{Ba}=100\%-20,13\%-36,79\%=43,08\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)
TN1: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (a,b,c)
=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b----------------------->1,5b
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
c----------------------->c
=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)
TN2: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (ak,bk,ck)
=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
ak--->0,5ak
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
bk--->0,75bk
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)
=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ag không phản ứng với O2
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow2CuO\)
Rắn thu được gồm Fe3O4; Al2O3; CuO và Ag
Hoà tan B bằng HCl dư \(\Rightarrow\)rắn không tan là Ag
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+FeCl_2+4H_2O\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
BTKL: m A + mO2=mB \(\Rightarrow m_{O2}=17,4-13,4=4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O2}=\frac{4}{32}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
Theo phản ứng: \(n_{O2}=2n_{Fe3O4}+\frac{3}{2}n_{Al2O3}+\frac{1}{2}n_{CuO}\)
Mà \(n_{HCl}=8n_{Fe3O4}+6n_{Al2O3}+2n_{CuO}=4n_{O2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol Al là x \(\Rightarrow\) nFe=0,375x mol; nCu=y mol
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}+m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=27x+0,375x.56+64y=13,4-m_{Ag}=13,4-5,4=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O2_{pu}}=\frac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\frac{2}{3}n_{Fe}+\frac{1}{2}n_{Cu}=0,75x+0,25x+0,5y=0,125\)
Giải được: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=27x=2,7\left(g\right);m_{Fe}=0,375x.56=2,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=3,2\left(g\right)\)
thanks you