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\(x^4+2x^3+8x^2+10x+15=\left(x^4+2x^3+x^2\right)+\left(7x^2+10x+15\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x\right)^2+2.4.\left(x^2+x\right)+16=x^2-2x+1\\ \)
\(\left(x^2+x+4\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\left[\begin{matrix}x^2+x+4=x-1\left(1\right)\\x^2+x+4=1-x\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[\begin{matrix}\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2=-5\\\left(x+1\right)^2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)Vo. No
10.
\((x^2-2x-3)(x^2+10x+21)=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+1)(x+3)(x+7)=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow [(x-3)(x+7)][(x+1)(x+3)]=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+4x-21)(x^2+4x+3)=25\)
Đặt \(x^2+4x-21=a\) thì pt trở thành:
\(a(a+24)=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+24a-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-1)(a+25)=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=1\\ a=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(a=x^2+4x-21=1\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x-22=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+2)^2=26\Rightarrow x+2=\pm \sqrt{26}\Rightarrow x=-2\pm \sqrt{26}\) (t/m)
Nếu \(a=x^2+4x-21=-25\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4=0\Leftrightarrow (x+2)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-2\) (t/m)
Vậy \(x\in \left\{-2\pm \sqrt{26}; -2\right\}\)
11.
\(x^4-4x^3+10x^2+37x-14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^4-4x^3+4x^2)+6x^2+37x-14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+2x^3-(6x^3+12x^2)+(22x^2+44x)-(7x+14)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3(x+2)-6x^2(x+2)+22x(x+2)-7(x+2)=0\)
\((x+2)(x^3-6x^2+22x-7)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x+2=0\\ x^3-6x^2+22x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=-2\\ x^3-6x^2+22x-7=0(*)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đối với pt $(*)$ (ta sử dụng pp Cardano)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^3-6x^2+12x-8)+10x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)^3+10(x-2)+21=0\)
Đặt \(x-2=a-\frac{10}{3a}\) thì PT trở thành:
\((a-\frac{10}{3a})^3+10(a-\frac{10}{3a})+21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-\frac{1000}{27a^3}+21=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 27a^6+576a^3-1000=0\). Đặt \(a^3=t\) thì:
\(27t^2+576t-1000=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 27(t^2+\frac{64}{3}t+\frac{32^2}{3^2})=4072\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 27(t+\frac{32}{3})^2=4072\Rightarrow t=\pm\sqrt{\frac{4072}{27}}-\frac{32}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\sqrt[3]{\pm \sqrt{\frac{4072}{27}}-\frac{32}{3}}\)
\(x=2+a-\frac{10}{3a}\) với giá trị $a$ như trên.
P/s: Bài này mình thấy có vẻ không phù hợp với lớp 8.
2) 2x4-21x3+74x2-105x+50=0
<=>(2x4-2x3)+(-19x3+19x2)+(55x2-55x)+(-50x+50)=0
<=>2x3.(x-1)-19x2.(x-1)+55x.(x-1)-50.(x-1)=0
<=>(x-1)(2x3-19x2+55x-50)=0
<=>(x-1)[(2x3-20x2+50x)+(x2+5x-50)]=0
<=>(x-1)[2x.(x-5)2+(x2-5x+10x-50)]=0
<=>(x-1){2x.(x-5)2+[x.(x-5)+10.(x-5)]}=0
<=>(x-1)[2x.(x-5)2+(x-5)(x+10)]=0
<=>(x-1)(x-5)(2x2-10x+x+10)=0
<=>(x-1)(x-5)(2x2-5x-4x+10)=0
<=>(x-1)(x-5)[x.(2x-5)-2.(2x-5)]=0
<=>(x-1)(x-5)(x-2)(2x-5)=0
<=>x=1 hoặc x=5 hoặc x=2 hoặc x=5/2
a, \(x\left(x-3\right)-x^2+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-x^2+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x=-2\\ \Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)
b, \(x^2-2x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=0^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\)
c, x(x-1)-(x+3)(x+4)=5x
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-x^2-4x-3x-12=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-x^2-4x-3x-5x=12\\ \Leftrightarrow-13x=12\\ \Rightarrow x=\frac{-12}{13}\)
d, ko có vế phải ạ
e, \(x^2+2x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-16=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-4^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-4\right)\left(x+1+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
f, \(x^4-5x^3+4x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3-4x^3+4x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-1\right)-4x^2\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-4x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right).x^2\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=0\\x-1=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(x^4-6x^3-x^2+54x-72=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-4x^2\left(x-2\right)-9x\left(x-2\right)+36\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
2) \(x^4-5x^2+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
\(x^4-2x^3-6x^2+8x+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-6x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-6x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+2\right)-2x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x-1+\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
...
\(2x^4-13x^3+20x^2-3x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3\left(x-2\right)-9x^2\left(x-2\right)+2x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^3-9x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
Bí
a) (5x - 1)(2x + 1) = (5x -1)(x + 3)
<=> (5x - 1)(2x + 1) - (5x -1)(x + 3) = 0
<=> (5x - 1)(2x + 1 - x - 3) = 0
<=> (5x - 1)(x - 2) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}5x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0,2\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x = 0,2 ; x = 2 là nghiệm phương trình
b) x3 - 5x2 - 3x + 15 = 0
<=> x2(x - 5) - 3(x - 5) = 0
<=> (x2 - 3)(x - 5) = 0
<=> \(\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)
<=> \(x-\sqrt{3}=0\text{ hoặc }x+\sqrt{3}=0\text{ hoặc }x-5=0\)
<=> \(x=\sqrt{3}\text{hoặc }x=-\sqrt{3}\text{hoặc }x=5\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\sqrt{3};\sqrt{-3};5\right\}\)là giá trị cần tìm
c) (x - 3)2 - (5 - 2x)2 = 0
<=> (x - 3 + 5 - 2x)(x - 3 - 5 + 2x) = 0
<=> (-x + 2)(3x - 8) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}-x+2=0\\3x-8=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=\frac{8}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình \(S=\left\{2;\frac{8}{3}\right\}\)
d) x3 + 4x2 + 4x = 0
<=> x(x2 + 4x + 4) = 0
<=> x(x + 2)2 = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\\left(x+2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S = \(\left\{0;-2\right\}\)
\(a,-x^3+x^2+4=0\)
\(-\left(x^3-x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(x^3-2x^2+x^2+2x-2x-4=0\)
\(x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(x^2\left(x-2\right)+\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)=0\)
Vì \(x^2+x+2>0\left(\forall x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(2x^2+2xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
a.
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
b.
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
c.
\(x^4+2x^3+8x^2+10x+15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+5x^2\right)+\left(2x^3+10x\right)+\left(3x^2+15\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+5\right)+2x\left(x^2+5\right)+3\left(x^2+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x^2+2x+3\right)=0\)
mà ta có: \(x^2+5\ge5>0;x^2+2x+3=\left(x+1\right)^2+1\ge1>0\)
nên suy ra phương trình vô nghiệm.