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1,
\(\frac{a+2}{a-2}=\frac{b+3}{b-3}\)
<=> (a - 2)(b + 3) = (a + 2)(b - 3)
<=> ab + 3a - 2b - 6 = ab - 3a + 2b - 6
<=> 3a - 2b = -3a + 2b
<=> 6a = 4b
<=> 3a = 2b
<=> \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}\)(Đpcm)
2,
Có:
\(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}\)
\(=\frac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-baz}{b^2}=\frac{cay-cbx}{c^2}\)
\(=\frac{abz-acy+bcx-baz+cay-cbx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)
=> bz - cy = 0
=> bz = cy
=> \(\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)(1)
=> cx - az = 0
=> cx = az
=> \(\frac{c}{z}=\frac{a}{x}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=> \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)(Đpcm)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau; ta được:
\(\frac{ab+ac}{2}=\frac{bc+ba}{3}=\frac{ca+bc}{4}=\frac{ab+ac+bc+ba-\left(ca+bc\right)}{2+3-4}=\frac{2ab}{1}\)
Tương tự; ta được: \(\frac{ab+ac}{2}=\frac{bc+ba}{3}=\frac{ca+bc}{4}=\frac{bc+ba+ca+bc-\left(ab+ac\right)}{3+4-2}=\frac{2bc}{5}\)
\(\frac{ab+ac}{2}=\frac{bc+ba}{3}=\frac{ca+cb}{4}=\frac{ab+ac-\left(bc+ba\right)+ca+cb}{2-3+4}=\frac{2ac}{3}\)
Từ các điều trên; ta được:
\(\frac{2ac}{3}=\frac{2ab}{1}=\frac{2bc}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{10ac}{15}=\frac{30ab}{15}=\frac{6bc}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow10ac=30ab=6bc\)
\(\Rightarrow10ac=30ab\Rightarrow b=\frac{c}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{b}{5}=\frac{c}{15}\left(1\right)\)
\(30ab=6bc\Rightarrow5a=c\Rightarrow a=\frac{c}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{c}{15}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{5}=\frac{c}{15}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\frac{ab+ac}{2}=\frac{bc+ba}{3}=\frac{ca+bc}{4}=\frac{ab+ac+bc+ba-\left(ca+bc\right)}{2+3-4}=\frac{2ab}{1}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\frac{x-3}{x+5}=\frac{5}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right).7=\left(x+5\right).5\)
\(\Rightarrow7x-21=5x+25\)
\(\Rightarrow7x-5x=25+21\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=46\)
\(\Rightarrow x=46:2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=23\)
Vậy \(x=23.\)
b) \(\frac{7}{x-1}=\frac{x+1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)=7.9\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x+x-1=63\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-1=63\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=63+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=64\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{8;-8\right\}.\)
c) \(\frac{x+4}{20}=\frac{5}{x+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right).\left(x+4\right)=5.20\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right).\left(x+4\right)=100\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right)^2=100\)
\(\Rightarrow x+4=\pm10.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=10\\x+4=-10\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=10-4\\x=\left(-10\right)-4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-14\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{6;-14\right\}.\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(\frac{a+5}{a-5}=\frac{b+6}{b-6}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+5}{b+6}=\frac{a-5}{b-6}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{a+5}{b+6}=\frac{a-5}{b-6}=\frac{\left(a+5\right)+\left(a-5\right)}{\left(b+6\right)+\left(b-6\right)}=\frac{\left(a+a\right)+\left(5-5\right)}{\left(b+b\right)+\left(6-6\right)}=\frac{2a}{2b}=\frac{a}{b}\) (1)
\(\frac{a+5}{b+6}=\frac{a-5}{b-6}=\frac{\left(a+5\right)-\left(a-5\right)}{\left(b+6\right)-\left(b-6\right)}=\frac{\left(a-a\right)+\left(5+5\right)}{\left(b-b\right)+\left(6+6\right)}=\frac{10}{12}=\frac{5}{6}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{5}{6}\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc em học tốt!
a/ Ta có: \(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c};c^2=bd\Rightarrow\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{c}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^3=k^3\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=k^3\)
Áp dụng tính chất của tỉ lệ thức ta có:\(\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=k^3\)
Mặt khác: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}=k\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=k^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\left(=k^3\right)\)
\(\frac{2a+13b}{3a-7b}=\frac{2c+13d}{3c-7d}\)
<=> (2a+13b)(3c-7d)=(2c+13d)(3a-7b)
<=> 6ac-14ad+39bc-91bd=6ac-14bc+39ad-91bd
<=>14ad-39bc=14bc-39ad
<=>53ad=53bc<=> ad=bc<=>a/b=c/d
=> ĐPCM
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{5}=\frac{c}{7}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3k\\b=5k\\c=7k\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2019b-2020a}{2019c-2020b}=\frac{2019.5k-2020.3k}{2019.7k-2020.5k}=\frac{4035k}{4033k}=\frac{4035}{4033}>\frac{4033}{4033}=1\)
Vậy \(\frac{2019b-2020a}{2019c-2020b}>1\left(đpcm\right)\)
