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Cho C =\(\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+\frac{5}{4^3}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
Chứng minh C <\(\frac{5}{3}\)
C = \(\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+\frac{5}{4^3}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
= \(5\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\right)\)
Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\)
4A = \(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\)
4A - A = \(\left(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\right)\)
3A = \(1-\frac{1}{4^{99}}< 1\)
=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\) (1)
Thay (1) vào C ta được:
\(C< 5\cdot\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{3}\)(đpcm)
Ta có:\(\frac{5}{4}\)< \(\frac{5}{3}\)Mà C = \(\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)<\(\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)C < \(\frac{5}{3}\)
\(C=\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+\frac{5}{4^3}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
\(4C=5+\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+\frac{5}{4^3}+...+\frac{5}{4^{98}}\)
\(4C-C=\left(5+\frac{5}{4}+...+\frac{5}{4^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\right)\)
\(3C=5-\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
\(C=\frac{5-\frac{5}{4^{99}}}{3}\)
\(C=\frac{5}{3}-\frac{5}{4^{99}.3}< C\)
đpcm
4C=\(5+\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+.......+\frac{5}{4^{98}}\)
4C-C=\(5-\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
3C=\(5-\frac{5}{4^{99}}<5\)
\(\Rightarrow C<\frac{5}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{5}{4}+\frac{5}{4^2}+...+\frac{5}{4^{99}}\)
\(A=5\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\right)\)
\(\frac{A}{5}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\)
\(\frac{4A}{5}=1+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{4^{98}}\)
\(\frac{4A}{5}-\frac{A}{5}=\left(1+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{4^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{99}}\right)\)
\(\frac{3A}{5}=1-\frac{1}{4^{99}}\Rightarrow A=\frac{5}{3}-\frac{5}{3\cdot4^{99}}< \frac{5}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+.....+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+......+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A-A=\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+....+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+......+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
Đặt : \(H=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5H=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5H-H=\left(1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4H=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow H=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4.5^{99}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A< B< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \frac{1}{16}\left(đpcm\right)\)
a) \(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2018}}\)
\(4A=5A-A=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{4.5^{2019}}< \frac{1}{20}< \frac{1}{2}\)
b) Đề có sai không mà đằng cuối lại là \(\frac{1}{4^2}\)lặp lại lần nữa.
c) \(C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
\(2C=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{32}\)
\(3C=2C+C=1-\frac{1}{64}< 1\)
\(C< \frac{1}{3}\)
d) Xem lại đề nữa đi e, nếu trừ hai vế cho \(\frac{1}{3}\)thì vế trái > 0 > vế phải rồi
e) \(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}>\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)(10 số hạng)
\(=\frac{10}{50}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}>\frac{1}{7}\)
\(\frac{1}{71}+\frac{1}{72}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{533}{840}>\frac{490}{840}=\frac{7}{12}\)