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Bài 1
\(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+abc+ac^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2b+abc+a^2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2c+abc+b^2c}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc+ac\left(a+c\right)+abc+bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ac}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 2
\(VT=\left(\sqrt{a^2}+\sqrt{b^2}+\sqrt{c^2}\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\right]\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có
\(VT\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}+\sqrt{c}.\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(VT\ge\sum\left(\dfrac{a^3}{2a+b+c}\right)=\sum\left(\dfrac{a^3}{\sum a+a}\right)=\sum\dfrac{a^3}{3+a}\)
Ta có BĐT phụ :
\(\dfrac{a^3}{a+3}\ge\dfrac{11a-7}{16}\)(*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(16a+21\right)\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với mọi a>0)
Áp dụng BĐT (*) ta có :
\(\sum\dfrac{a^3}{3+a}\ge\dfrac{11\sum a-21}{16}=\dfrac{33-21}{16}=\dfrac{12}{16}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
nhầm rồi , mình sorry , \(VT\ge\sum\left(\dfrac{2a^3}{2a+b+c}\right)=\sum\left(\dfrac{2a^3}{3+a}\right)\)
bạn chọn BĐT phụ là :
\(\dfrac{2a^3}{a+3}\ge\dfrac{11a-7}{8}\)
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{4bc}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b^2c\left(b+c\right)}{8a^3\left(b+c\right)b^2c}}=\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c+a}{4ca}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2a\left(c+a\right)}{8b^3\left(c+a\right)c^2a}}=\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{4ab}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2b\left(a+b\right)}{8c^3\left(a+b\right)a^2b}}=\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{3}{4b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{3}{4c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{3}{4a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ( đpcm )
Đây là BĐT Iran 96 khá nổi tiếng. Bạn hoàn toàn có thể search trên google lời giải.
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
$ \frac{a^3}{(1 + b)(1 + c)} + \frac{1 + b}{8} + \frac{1 + c}{8} \geq \frac{3}{4}a$
$\frac{b^3}{(1 + c)(1 + a)} + \frac{1 + c}{8} + \frac{1 + a}{8} \geq \frac{3}{4}b$
$\frac{c^3}{(1 + a)(1 + b)} + \frac{1 + a}{8} + \frac{1 + b}{8} \geq \frac{3}{4}c $
Cộng vế theo vế ta được:
$ P + \frac{2(a + b + c) + 6}{8} \geq \frac{3}{4}(a + b + c) $
$<=> P \geq \frac{1}{2}(a + b + c) - \frac{3}{4}$
$=> P \geq \frac{3}{4} (dpcm)$
câu b là áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô -si ko cần chứng minh
a,Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương a,\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)ta có
a+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)>=\(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\)
chứng minh tương tự ta có
b+\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)>=2\(\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\)
c+\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)>=\(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\)
nhân chúng vs nhau ta đc cái cần phải chứng minh
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{c+a}{4a}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{8b^3}}=\frac{3a}{2b}\)
\(\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{a+b}{4b}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{8c^3}}=\frac{3b}{2c}\)
\(\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{b+c}{4c}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{8a^3}}=\frac{3c}{2a}\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{1}{4}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})+\frac{9}{4}\geq \frac{3}{2}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}\geq \frac{5}{4}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})-\frac{9}{4}\geq \frac{5}{4}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-\frac{9}{4}\)
hay \( \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}\geq \frac{5}{4}.3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cách khác:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{(\frac{a^2}{b})^2}{b(c+a)}+\frac{(\frac{b^2}{c})^2}{c(a+b)}+\frac{(\frac{c^2}{a})^2}{a(b+c)}\geq \frac{\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)^2}{b(c+a)+c(a+b)+a(b+c)}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{b+c+a}=a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)^2\geq (a+b+c)^2\)
Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(ab+bc+ac)}\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cauchy: \((a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)\)
Suy ra: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{3(ab+bc+ac)}{2(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)