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\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
b) \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{1,8.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{N_2}=0,3.28=8,4\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)=>V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
d) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> Số phân tử H2 = 0,15.6.1023 = 0,9.1023
e) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
f) \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3,6.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> VCl2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(l)
g) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> mO2 = 0,3.32 = 9,6(g)
h) \(n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{18,8}{94}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> Số phân tử K2O = 0,2.6.1023 = 1,2.1023
i) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> Số phân tử CaO = 0,2.6.1023 = 1,2.1023
nHCl = 0,2.1,5 = 0,3 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95(g)
\(a.V_{CO_2\left(dktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(b.m_{Al_2O_3}=0,5.160=80\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(A_{CO_2}=0,5.6.10^{23}=3.10^{23}\) (phân tử \(CO_2\) )
2.
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_C=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) (1)
=> \(n_O=2nCO_2=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (*)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_H=2n_{H_2O}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (2)
=> \(n_O=n_{H_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (**)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,8}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_O=2n_{O_2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (3)
\(X+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
Từ (1),(2),(3), (*), (**) suy ra: \(n_C:n_H:n_O=0,1:0,4:0\)
=> Công thức tổng quát của X là \(C_xH_y\)
có: \(x:y=n_C:n_H=0,1:0,4=1:4\)
=> X là: \(CH_4\)
Sơ đồ pứ: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(m_{CH_4}=3,6+0,2.44-0,2.32=6\left(g\right)\)
1)
a) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
b) Số phân tử oxi = 1,5.6.1023 = 9.1023
c) \(m_{O_2}=1,5.32=48\left(g\right)\)
2) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> Số mol N2 cần lấy = 0,1.4 = 0,4 (mol)
=> mN2 = 0,4.28 = 11,2(g)
3)
nhh = 0,25 + 1,5 + 0,75 + 0,5 = 3 (mol)
=> Vhh = 3.22,4 = 67,2 (l)
Câu 1:
Số phân tử SO2 = \(n_{SO_2}\times N=0,5\times6\times10^{23}=3\times10^{23}\) (phân tử)
Câu 3:
MK = 1 . 39 = 39 (g/mol)
mK = nK . MK = 0,1 . 39 = 3,9 (g)
Câu 4:
PTHH: C + O2 → CO2
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_C+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}\)
\(m_C=6g\)
\(m_{CO_2}=22g\)
\(\Rightarrow6+m_{O_2}=22\)
\(m_{O_2}=22-6=16g\)
Vậy . . .