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a) PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\cdot98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{250\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuSO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot160}{4,9+250}\cdot100\%\approx3,14\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{4,9+250}\cdot100\%\approx7,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, PT: \(MO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}M+CO_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{MO}=\dfrac{7,2}{M_M+16}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_M=\dfrac{5,6}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MO}=n_M\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{7,2}{M_M+16}=\dfrac{5,6}{M_M}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=56\left(g/mol\right)\)
⇒ M là Fe.
Vậy: Oxit kim loại đó là FeO.
b, Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_M=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a. Đặt CT muối: \(RCO_3\)
\(RCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)RO+CO_2\) (1)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{200.17,1}{171.100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{29,55}{197}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
`@` TH1: Chỉ tạo ra kết tủa
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,15 0,15 0,15 ( mol )
Theo ptr (1): \(n_{RCO_3}=n_{RO}=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_{RCO_3}=\dfrac{21}{0,15}=140\) \((g/mol)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow R=80\) ( loại )
`@` TH2: Ba(OH)2 hết
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,2 ( mol )
0,15 0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2CO_2\rightarrow Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2\)
0,05 0,1 ( mol )
Theo ptr (1): \(n_{RCO_3}=n_{RO}=n_{CO_2}=0,15+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_{RCO_3}=\dfrac{21}{0,25}=84\) \((g/mol)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow R=24\) `->` R là Mg
\(n_{MgO}=0,25.\left(24+16\right)=10\left(g\right)\)
b.\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{4,2}{84}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,05.3=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=50.1,15=57,5\left(g\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
0,05 < 0,15 ( mol )
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{ddspứ}=4,2+57,5-0,05.44=59,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.95}{59,5}.100=7,98\%\\\%m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,15-0,1\right).36,5}{59,5}.100=3,06\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(MCO_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow MO+CO_2\)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố Ba => \(n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố C =>\(n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}+n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng => \(m_B=m_{muối}-m_{CO_2}=20-0,2.44=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT ta có : \(n_{MCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_{MCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{0,2}=100\)
=> M + 60 =100
=> M=40 (Ca)
=> CT muối : CaCO3
PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}CuO+H_2O\)
\(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,5.80=40\left(g\right)\)
Ta có : nCu(OH)2=19,6/98=0,2 mol
PTHH:
Cu(OH)2 →to→ CuO + H2O
⇒nCu(OH)2=nCuO=0,2 mol
mCuO=0,2.80=16g
Đáp án:C
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)