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a) ( x - 1 )( x2 + x + 1 ) + x( x + 2 )( 2 - x ) = 5
<=> x3 - 1 - x( x + 2 )( x - 2 ) = 5
<=> x3 - 1 - x( x2 - 4 ) = 5
<=> x3 - 1 - x3 + 4x = 5
<=> 4x - 1 = 5
<=> 4x = 6
<=> x = 6/4 = 3/2
b) 5x( x - 3 )2 - 5( x - 1 )3 + 15( x + 4 )( x - 4 ) = 5
<=> 5x( x2 - 6x + 9 ) - 5( x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 ) + 15( x2 - 16 ) = 5
<=> 5x3 - 30x2 + 45x - 5x3 + 15x2 - 15x + 5 + 15x2 - 240 = 5
<=> 30x - 235 = 5
<=> 30x = 240
<=> x = 8
a,\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x\left(x+2\right)\left(2-x\right)=5\)
\(< =>x^3-1+x\left(4-x^2\right)=5\)
\(< =>x^3-1+4x-x^3=5\)
\(< =>4x-1-5=0< =>4x-6=0< =>x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b, \(5x\left(x-3\right)^2-5\left(x-1\right)^3+15\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)=5\)
\(< =>5x\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-5\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)+15\left(x^2-16\right)=5\)
\(< =>5x^3-30x^2+45x-5x^3+15x^2-15x+5+15x^2-240=5\)
\(< =>\left(5x^3-5x^3\right)+\left(15x^2+15x^2-30x^2\right)+\left(45x-15x\right)+5-240=5\)
\(< =>30x-240=5-5=0< =>x=\frac{24}{3}=8\)
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a) 4( 18 - 5x ) - 12( 3x - 16 ) = 15( 2x - 16 ) - 6( x + 14 )
<=> 72 - 20x - 36x + 192 = 30x - 240 - 6x - 84
<=> -20x - 36x - 30x + 6x = -240 - 84 - 72 - 192
<=> -80x = -588
<=> x = -588/-80 = 147/20
b) ( x + 3 )( x + 2 ) - ( x - 2 )( x + 5 ) = 6
<=> x2 + 5x + 6 - ( x2 + 3x - 10 ) = 6
<=> x2 + 5x + 6 - x2 - 3x + 10 = 6
<=> 2x + 16 = 6
<=> 2x = -10
<=> x = -5
c) -x( x + 3 ) + 2 = ( 4x + 1 )( x - 1 ) + 2x
<=> -x2 - 3x + 2 = 4x2 - 3x - 1 + 2x
<=> -x2 - 3x - 4x2 + 3x - 2x = -1 - 2
<=> -5x2 - 2x = -3
<=> -5x2 - 2x + 3 = 0
<=> -( 5x2 + 2x - 3 ) = 0
<=> -( 5x2 + 5x - 3x - 3 ) = 0
<=> -[ 5x( x + 1 ) - 3( x + 1 ) ] = 0
<=> -( x + 1 )( 5x - 3 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\5x-3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=\frac{3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
d) ( 2x + 3 )( x - 3 ) - ( x - 3 )( x + 1 ) = ( 2 - x )( 3x + 1 ) + 3
<=> 2x2 - 3x - 9 - ( x2 - 2x - 3 ) = -3x2 + 5x + 2 + 3
<=> 2x2 - 3x - 9 - x2 + 2x + 3 = -3x2 + 5x + 2 + 3
<=> 2x2 - 3x - x2 + 2x + 3x2 - 5x = 2 + 3 + 9 - 3
<=> 4x2 - 6x = 11
<=> 4x2 - 6x - 11 = 0
=> Vô nghiệm ( Lớp 8 chưa học nghiệm vô tỉ nên để vậy ) :))
vẫn làm được nha quỳnh !
\(4x^2-6x-11=0\)
\(< =>\left(4x^2-6x+\frac{9}{4}\right)-13\frac{1}{4}=0\)
\(< =>\left(2x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=\frac{53}{4}\)
\(< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{53}}{2}\\2x-\frac{3}{2}=-\frac{\sqrt{53}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=\frac{3+\sqrt{53}}{2}\\2x=\frac{3-\sqrt{53}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3+\sqrt{53}}{4}\\x=\frac{3-\sqrt{53}}{4}\end{cases}}\)
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: 1/ (x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7) + 15 = [ (x+1)(x+7) ].[ (x+3)(x+5) ] + 15
= (x² + 7x + x + 7).(x² + 5x + 3x + 15) + 15
= (x² + 8x + 7).(x² + 8x + 15) + 15
= (x² + 8x + 11 - 4)(x² + 8x + 11 + 4) + 15. Đặt x² + 8x + 11 = y (1) ta được.
(t - 4)(t + 4) + 15 = t² - 16 + 15 = t² - 1 = (t+1)(t-1) (2).
Thay (1) vào (2) ta được: đa thức trên được phân tích thành:
(x² + 8x + 11 + 1)(x² + 8x + 11 - 1) = x² + 8x + 12)(x² + 8x + 10).
Lưu ý: phương pháp này có tên là "Đặt ẩn phụ".
2/ x^7 - x² - 1 = x^7 - x² - 1 + x - x = (x^7 - x) + (-x² + x - 1)
= x(x^6 - 1) - (x² - x + 1) = x(x³ - 1)(x³ + 1) - (x² - x + 1)
= (x^4 - x)(x + 1)(x² - x + 1) - (x² - x + 1)
= (x² - x + 1).[ (x^4 - x)(x + 1) - 1 ]
= (x² - x + 1).(x^5 + x^4 - x² - x - 1).
3/ x^4 + 4y^4 = x^4 + 4y^4 + 4x²y² - 4x²y²
= (x^4 + 4x²y² + 4y^4) - (2xy)²
= (x² + 2y²)² - (2xy)² = [ (x² + 2y²) + (2xy) ].[ (x² + 2y²) - (2xy) ]
= (x² + 2xy + 2y²).(x² - 2xy + 2y²)
4/ x^5 + x + 1 = x^5 + x + 1 + x² - x²
= (x^5 - x²) + (x² + x + 1) = x²(x³ - 1) + (x² + x + 1)
= x²(x - 1)(x² + x + 1) + (x² + x + 1) = (x² + x + 1).[ x²(x - 1) + 1 ]
= (x² + x + 1).(x³ - x² + 1).
5/ x^5 + x - 1 = x^5 + x - 1 + x² - x² = (x^5 + x²) + (-x² + x - 1)
= x²(x³ + 1) - (x² + x - 1) = x²(x + 1)(x² - x + 1) - (x² - x + 1)
= (x² - x + 1).[ x²(x + 1) - 1 ] = (x² - x + 1).(x³ + x² - 1).
6/ (x² + y² - z²)² - 4x²y² = (x² + y² - z²)² - (2xy)²
= [ (x² + y² - z²) - 2xy ].[ (x² + y² - z²) + 2xy ]
= [ x² + y² - z² - 2xy ].[ x² + y² - z² + 2xy ]
= [ (x² - 2xy + y²) - z² ].[ (x² + 2xy + y²) - z² ]
= [ (x - y)² - z² ].[ (x + y)² - z² ] = (x-y+z)(x-y-z)(x+y+z)(x+y-z).
Mong bạn sẽ hiểu
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\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-x\left(x^2-2\right)=15\)
\(x^3-2x^2+4x+2x^2-4x+8-x^3+2x=15\)
\(2x+8=15\)
\(2x=7\)
\(x=\frac{7}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1+8-x^3+3x^2+6x=17\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x+7=17\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{10}{9}\)
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a) (x + 2)(x2 - 2x + 4) - -x(x2 + 2) = 15
<=> x3 + 8 - x3 - 2x = 15
<=> 2x = -7
<=> x= -7/2
Vậy S = {-7/2}
b) (x - 2)3 - (x - 3)(x2 + 3x + 9) + 6(x + 1)2 = 49
<=> x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8 - x3 + 27 + 6x2 + 12x + 6 = 49
<=> 24x = 24
<=> x = 1
Vậy S = {1}
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Gợi ý:
a) Đặt \(t=x^2+x+1\)
b) Đặt \(t=x^2+8x+11\)
c) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\right].\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt: \(t=x^2+7x+11\)
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(x-1)2+(x+1)2-2(x+3)(x-3)+15
=(x2-2x+1+x2+2x+1)-2(x2-9)+15
=2x2+2-2x2+18+15
=20+15
=35