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\(lim\left(5n-\sqrt{25n^2-3n+5}\right)=lim\dfrac{25n^2-25n^2+3n-5}{5n+\sqrt{25n^2-3n+5}}\)
\(=lim\dfrac{3n-5}{5n+\sqrt{25n^2-3n+5}}=lim\dfrac{3-\dfrac{5}{n}}{5+\sqrt{25-\dfrac{3}{n}+\dfrac{5}{n^2}}}=\dfrac{3-0}{5+\sqrt{25-0+0}}=\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(lim\dfrac{4n^5-3n^4-2n^3+7n-9}{-5n\left(3n^2-3n+1\right)\left(5-2n^2\right)}=lim\dfrac{\dfrac{4n^5-3n^4-2n^3+7n-9}{n^5}}{\dfrac{-5n}{n}\dfrac{\left(3n^2-3n+1\right)}{n^2}\dfrac{\left(5-2n^2\right)}{n^2}}\)
\(=lim\dfrac{4-\dfrac{3}{n}-\dfrac{2}{n^2}+\dfrac{7}{n^4}-\dfrac{9}{n^5}}{-5.\left(3-\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right).\left(\dfrac{5}{n^2}-2\right)}=\dfrac{4-0-0+0-0}{-5\left(3-0+0\right).\left(0-2\right)}=\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(lim\dfrac{5n\sqrt{2n^2-n}}{1+5n-3n^2}=lim\dfrac{5\sqrt{2-\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\dfrac{1}{n^2}+\dfrac{5}{n}-3}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{2-0}}{0+0-3}=\dfrac{-5\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(lim\dfrac{\sqrt{4n^2+n}-7n}{3n^2-1}=lim\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^3}}-\dfrac{7}{n}}{3-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{0+0}-0}{3-0}=\dfrac{0}{3}=0\)
\(lim\dfrac{\left(2-n\right)\left(3+2n^3\right)}{2n^2-1}=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{n}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{n}+2n^2\right)}{2-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}=-\infty\)
\(\dfrac{lim\left(\sqrt{4n^2+1}-2n\right)n}{\sqrt[3]{4-n^3}+n}=lim\dfrac{n\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(4-n^3\right)^2}-n\sqrt[3]{4-n^3}+n^2\right)}{4.\left(\sqrt{4n^2+1}+2n\right)}\)
\(=lim\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3-4\right)^2}+n\sqrt[3]{n^3-4}+n^2}{4\left(\sqrt{4+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+2\right)}=+\infty\)
a)
\(S_1=\dfrac{1}{1.5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(S_2=\dfrac{1}{1.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.9}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)=\dfrac{2}{9}\).
\(S_3=\dfrac{1}{1.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.13}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{13}\right)=\dfrac{3}{13}\).
\(S_4=\dfrac{1}{1.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.13}+\dfrac{1}{13.17}\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{13}-\dfrac{1}{17}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{17}\right)=\dfrac{4}{17}\).
b) Dự đoán công thức : \(S_n=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4n+1}\right)\).
Chứng minh bằng quay nạp:
Với \(n=1\): \(S_1=\dfrac{1}{1.5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\).
Vậy giả thiết quy nạp đúng với n = 1.
Giả sử điều cần chứng minh đúng với \(n=k\).
Nghĩa là: \(S_k=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4k+1}\right)\).
Ta sẽ chứng minh nó đúng với \(n=k+1\): \(S_{k+1}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)+1}\right)\)
Thật vậy:
\(S_{k+1}=S_k+\dfrac{1}{\left[4\left(k+1\right)-3\right].\left[4\left(k+1\right)+1\right]}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4k+1}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)-3}-\dfrac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4k+1}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{4k+1}-\dfrac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4\left(k+1\right)+1}\right)\).
Vậy điều cần chứng minh đúng với mọi n.
\(lim\frac{\sqrt{4n^2+1}+2n-1}{\sqrt{n^2+4n+1}+n}\)
= \(lim\frac{\sqrt{4+\frac{1}{n^2}}+2-\frac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\frac{4}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}+1}\)
=\(\frac{2+2}{1+1}=2\)
lim= \(\dfrac{n^3\left(5-\dfrac{3}{n}+\dfrac{6}{n^3}\right)}{n^3\left(\dfrac{4}{n}-3+\dfrac{7}{n^2}\right)}\)
lim= \(\dfrac{5}{-3}\)
Điều kiện: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4n+2\ge0\\4n-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\\n\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow n\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có: \(lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\left(\dfrac{3n-1}{\sqrt{4n+2}-\sqrt{4n-1}}\right)=\)
\(lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\left(\dfrac{3-\dfrac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}}\right)=+\infty\)
báo cáo
j z