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a)
\(\frac{x^2-16}{4x-x^2}=\frac{x^2-4^2}{x(4-x)}=\frac{(x-4)(x+4)}{x(4-x)}=\frac{x+4}{-x}\)
b) \(\frac{x^2+4x+3}{2x+6}=\frac{x^2+x+3x+3}{2(x+3)}=\frac{x(x+1)+3(x+1)}{2(x+3)}=\frac{(x+1)(x+3)}{2(x+3)}=\frac{x+1}{2}\)
c)
\(\frac{15x(x+y)^3}{5y(x+y)^2}=\frac{5.3.x(x+y)^2.(x+y)}{5y(x+y)^2}=\frac{3x(x+y)}{y}\)
d) \(\frac{5(x-y)-3(y-x)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{5(x-y)+3(x-y)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{8(x-y)}{10(x-y)}=\frac{8}{10}=\frac{4}{5}\)
e) \(\frac{2x+2y+5x+5y}{2x+2y-5x-5y}=\frac{7x+7y}{-3x-3y}=\frac{7(x+y)}{-3(x+y)}=\frac{-7}{3}\)
f) \(\frac{x^2-xy}{3xy-3y^2}=\frac{x(x-y)}{3y(x-y)}=\frac{x}{3y}\)
g) \(\frac{2ax^2-4ax+2a}{5b-5bx^2}=\frac{2a(x^2-2x+1)}{5b(1-x^2)}=\frac{2a(x-1)^2}{5b(1-x)(1+x)}\)
\(=\frac{2a(x-1)}{5b(-1)(x+1)}=\frac{2a(1-x)}{5b(x+1)}\)
a: \(=6x^4-9x^3+3x^2-4x^3+6x^2-2x+10x^2-15x+5\)
\(=6x^4-13x^3+19x^2-17x+5\)
b: \(=6x^4-\dfrac{9}{4}x^3-\dfrac{9}{2}x^2-\dfrac{8}{3}x^3+x^2+2x-\dfrac{20}{3}x^2+\dfrac{5}{2}x+5\)
\(=6x^4-\dfrac{59}{12}x^3-\dfrac{67}{6}x^2+\dfrac{9}{2}x+5\)
c: \(=3x^4-\dfrac{9}{8}x^3-\dfrac{3}{4}x^2+8x^3-3x^2-6x-\dfrac{4}{3}x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x+1\)
\(=3x^4-\dfrac{55}{8}x^3-\dfrac{25}{12}x^2-\dfrac{11}{2}x+1\)
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
\(=x^2+x+1-x+1=x^2+2\)
Bài 45: (SBT/12):
a. (5x4 - 3x3 + x2) : 3x2
= (5x4 : 3x2) + (-3x3 : 3x2) + (x2 : 3x2)
=\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)x2 - x + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
b. (5xy2 + 9xy - x2y2) : (-xy)
= [5xy2 : (-xy)] + [9xy : (-xy)] + [(-x2y2) : (-xy)]
= -5y - 9 + xy
c. (x3y3 : \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)x2y3 - x3y2) : \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)x2y2
= (x3y3 : \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)x2y2) + (-\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x2y3 : \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)x2y2) + (-x3y2 : \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)x2y2)
= 3xy - \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)y - 3x
a: \(=\dfrac{4x^2+4x+1-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{8x}{2x+1}\cdot\dfrac{5}{4x}=\dfrac{10}{2x+1}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2+1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{x+1-x+1}{\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}\cdot\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+1-2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2+1}\)
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
a) x2(5x3 – x - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) )= x2. 5x3 + x2 . (-x) + x2 . (-\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
= 5x5 – x3 – \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x2
b) (3xy – x2 + y)\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y . 3xy + \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y . (- x2) + \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y . y
= 2x3y2 – \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x4y + \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y2
c) (4x3– 5xy + 2x)(- \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)xy) = - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)xy . 4x3 + (- \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)xy) . (-5xy) + (- \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)xy) . 2x
= -2x4y + \(\dfrac{5}{2}\)x2y2 - x2y.
a) x2 (5x3 - x - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
= 5x5 - x3 - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x2
b) (3xy - x2 + y) \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y
= 2x3y2 - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x4y + \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)x2y2
c) (4x3 - 5xy +2x) (-\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)xy)
= -2x4y + \(\dfrac{5}{2}\)x2y2 - x2y