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1. Despite her dislikes for coffee , she drank it to keep herself warm ( although)
→ Although she didn't like coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
2. Mary will take a plane , even though she dislikes flying ( in spite of)
→ In spite of her dislikes flying, Mary will take a plane.
3. In spite of Marcy’s sadness at losing the contest , she managed to smile ( although )
→ Although Marcy was sad at losing the contest, she managed to smile.
4. We took many pictures though the sky was cloudy (despite)
→ Despite the cloudy sky, we took many pictures.
5. Despite her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories to the children ( even though)
→ The woman told interesting stories to the children, even though her poor memory.
6. Though he has been absent frequently , he has managed to pass the test ( in spite of )
→ In spite of having been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.
7. Nancy told me the secret despite having promised not to do so ( though )
→ Nancy told me the secret, though she has promised not to do so.
8. We plan to buy a ticket for the drawing although we know we will not win a prize (even though)
→ We plan to buy a ticket for the drawing, even though we know we will not win a prize.
9. In spite of the high price , my daughters insist on going to the movies every Saturday ( even though)
→ Even though the price was high, my daughter insist on going to the movies every Sunday.
10. He ate the chocolate cake even though he is on a diet ( in spite of)
→ In spite of being on a diet, he ate the chocolate cake.
11. He left school, because his life was hard ( because of)
→ Because of his hard life, he left school.
12. John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and methodical work ( because)
→ John succeeded in his exam, because he worked hard and methodical work.
13. We didn’t want to go out because of the heavy rain (because)
→ Because it rained heavily, we didnt want to go out.
14. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine ( despite)
→ Despite having much experience in machinery, he didn't succeed in repairing this machine.
15. In spite of the darkness , they continued to work (though)
→ They continued to work, though it was dark.
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
Because of being sick,Mary couldn’t go to school
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite the bad weather,she went to school on time
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of my sickness,my mother told me to go to school
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of a big storm, I stayed at home
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite Tom’s bad grade,he was admitted to the university
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
=> Despite her physical handicap,she has become a successful woman
8) In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of having not finished the paper,he went to sleep
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies
Exercise: Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words in parentheses
1. She has plenty of money, but she is very mean. (although)
=>Although she has plenty of money, she is very mean.....................................................................................................................................................................................................
=>Though they have a car ,they rarely use it.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3. He was innocent, but he was sent to prison. (although)
=>Although he was innocent, he was sent to prison .......................................................................................................................................................................................................
4. He has a number of relatives living nearby, but he never visits them (even though)
=>Even though he has number of relatives nearby, he never visits them.....................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. She never takes any kind of exercise, but she is quite fit and healthy. (even though)
=>Even though she never takes any kind of exercise, she is quite fit and healthy......................................................................................................................................................................................................6.The keyboard wasn’t working well. She tried to finish the letter (although)
=>Although the keyboard wasn't working well, she tried to finish the letter .......................................................................................................................................................................................................
7.The forecast said it would rain. It turned out to be a beautiful day. (although)
=>Although the forecast said it would rain,it turned out to be a beautiful day......................................................................................................................................................................................................
8.I’m no better. I’ve taken the bill. (even though)
=>Even though l'm no better, l've taken the bill
1/ She's keen on computers . She wants to study computer science next school year
She wishes....she would study computer science next school year....
2/she started working as a secretary five years ago
She has...worked as a secretary for five years.....
3/ His leg was broken, so he didn't take part in the contest yesterday
Because ...of his broken leg , he didn't take part in the contest yesterday....
4/ Despite the bad weather, we wen't out for a picnic
Although..the weather was bad , we went out for a picnic...
5/ He had a headache, but he still went to work
Although....he had a headache , he still went to work........
1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap.
=> Because of the cheapness of jeans, many people began to wearing them
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
=> Because of Tom’s carelessness, he lost the game
3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her.
=> Despite her good behaviour, no one loves her
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
=> Because the weather is cold, the crops are late this year
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late.
=> Because of Tom’s lateness, Mary was worried
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of Tom’s bad leg, he walked slowly
7) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of wanting the English course, I came here
8) I went to school although it was hot.
=> Despite the hot weather, I went to school
9) Because of the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
=> Because there is the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
10) Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks .
=> Because there is a lot of smoke, we have to wear masks
1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap.
=> Because of the cheapness of jeans, many people began to wearing them.
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
=> Because of Tom’s carelessness, he lost the game.
3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her.
=> Despite her good behaviour, no one loves her.
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
=> Because the weather is cold, the crops are late this year.
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late.
=> Because of Tom’s lateness, Mary was worried.
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of Tom’s bad leg, he walked slowly.
7) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of wanting the English course, I came here.
8) I went to school although it was hot.
=> Despite the hot weather, I went to school
9) Because of the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
=> Because there is the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
10) Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks .
=> Because there is a lot of smoke, we have to wear masks.
BẠN HỌC TỐT!!
I didn't recognize her although i'd met her twice before.(in spite of )
.................................In spite of meeting her twice before, I didn't recognize her...............................................................
We're not very good fiends although we've known each other a long time .(despite)
......................................Despite having known each other a long time, we're not very good friends/ Despite the fact that we've known each other a long time, we're very good friends........................................................
although minh was ill, he still came to the meeting (in spite of )
.............................................In spite of his illness/ being ill/ the fact that he was ill , Minh still came to the meeting .......................................
although he promised that he wouldn't be late , he didn't arrive until (despite)
..........................................Despite the fact that he promised that he wouldn't be late, he didn't arrive until ..... ...............................................
III. REWRITE
4. The air in the country is polluted, but people like to live there.
-> Though the air in the country is polluted, people like to live there.
6. If you passed the exam, your parents would be very happy.
-> Because you don't pass the exam, your parents are not happy.
9. The movie was so funny that we couldn't stop laughing.
-> It was such a funny movie that we couldn't stop laughing.
10. No one could move the piano. It was very heavy.
-> The piano was too heavy for anyone to move.
The piano was too heavy to be moved.
IV. Clauses of Reason: Because, Because of, As a result of, As a consequence
11. Peter didn't go to school yesterday because he was sick.
-> Because of his sickness, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.
Because of the fact that Peter was sickness, he didn't go to school yesterday.
Because of being sick, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.
12. Mary went to bed early because she felt tired.
-> Because of feeling tired, Mary went to bed early.
Because of her tiredness, Mary went to bed early.
Because of the fact that Mary felt tired, she went to bed early.
13. She didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a cold.
-> Because of having a cold, she didn't go to the circus with Betty.
Because of the fact that she had a cold, she didn't go to the circus with Betty.
14. Iohn succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.
-> Because of working hard, Iohn succeeded in his exam.
Because of the fact that John worked hard, he succeeded in his exam.
15. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
-> Because of her mother's sickness, she stayed at home.
Because of the fact that her mother was sick, she stayed at home.
16. I like him because his father is kind to me.
-> Because of his father's kindness, I like him.
Because of the fact that his father is kind to me, I like him.
17. I couldn't do the test because it was difficult.
-> Because of its difficulty, I couldn't do the test.
Because of the fact that the test was difficult, I couldn't do the it.
VII. Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng cụm từ hay mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.
1. He climbed the tree in order to/so as to get a better view.
2. You should get up early so that/in order that you will have time to review your lesson.
3. Some young people like to earn their own living so that/in order that they will be independent of their parents.
4. We should do morning exercise regularly in order to/so as to improve our health.
56. Hardly had he left the house, it began to rain.
57. Jane told Jack to read her exercise , and told her if it was correct.
58. * Despite being old , he goes jogging every morning.
* Despite his age, he goes jogging every morning.
* Despite the fact that he is old, he goes jogging every morning.
59. He was punished by the master.
60. So many books did he buy that he couldn't read them all.
IV. Rewrite the sentences
1. cars cause pollution but people still want them. (although)
=> Although cars cause pollution, people still want them.
2. We took many pictures although the sky was cloudy. (in spite of)
=> In spite of the cloudy sky, we took many pictures.
3. Although he is wealthy, he is not spoiled. (despite)
=> Despite being wealthy, he isn't spoiled.
4. Even though she had a poor memory, she told interesting stories to the children. (despite)
=> Despite having a poor memory, she told interesting stories to the children.
5. Though he has been absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test. (despite)
=> Despite being absent frequently, he has managed to pass the test.
6. My sister will take a plane even though she dislikes flying. (in spite of)
=> In spite of disliking flying, my sister will take a plane.
7. He isn’t happy although he is very rich. (despite)
=> Despite being very rich, he isn't happy.
8. Even though he got a good job, he was not satisfied. (despite )
=> Despite getting a good job, he wan't satisfied.
9. Although he often tells lies, many people believe him. (despite)
=> Despite the fact that he often tells lies, many people believe him.
10. Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick. (because of)
=> Because of being sick, Mary didn’t go to school yesterday.
11. She went to bed early because she felt tired . (because of)
=> Because of feeling tired, she went to bed early.
12. Margaret stayed at home because her mother was sick. (because of)
=> Because of Margaret's mother sickness, she stayed at home.
13. I couldn’t read the letter because the room was dark. (because of)
=> Because of the dark room, I couldn’t read the letter.
14. The train came late because it was foggy. (because of)
=> Because of being foggy, the train came late.
15. The train was late because the fog was thick. (because of)
=> Because of the thick fog, the train was late.
16. I can’t sleep because the weather is hot. (because of)
=> Because of the hot weather, I can't sleep.
17. Because there was a traffic accident, I went to school late. (because of)
=> Because of a traffic accident, I went to school late.
18. Because there is a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans. (because of)
=> Because of a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.
19. Because there was a lack of water, many trees died rapidly. (because of)
=> Because of a lack of water, many trees died rapidly.
20. She walked slowly because her leg was injured. (because of)
=> Because of her injured leg, she walked slowly.
21. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry . (despite)
=> Despite being hungry, she didn’t eat much.
22. He couldn’t solve the problem though he is good at math. (despite)
=> Despite being good at math, he couldn’t solve the problem.