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Cm \(3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2c+b^2a+c^2b\right)\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Do 2 vế BĐT đồng bậc nên ta chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\)
BĐT <=> \(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3\right)+a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
<=>\(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schur ta có:
\(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\ge ab^2c\left(ab+bc\right)+a^2bc\left(ab+ac\right)+abc^2\left(ac+bc\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT
<=>\(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(b+c\right)+3b^2\left(a+c\right)+3c^2\left(a+b\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(3-a\right)+3b^2\left(3-b\right)+3c^2\left(3-c\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\) luôn đúng do \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)( ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 2
Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b|+|b+1-c|+|c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(|x|+|y|+|z|\ge|x+y+z|\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b+b+1-c+c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
1. BĐT ban đầu
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{b}{a+3b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{c}{b+3c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{a}{c+3a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
<=>\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki dang phân thức
=> BĐT cần CM
<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)luôn đúng
=> BĐT được CM
2) \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+c-3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\)
ko mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Có: \(3\le a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le3a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3a^2\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a\ge1\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a+b}+\frac{1}{1+b+c}+\frac{1}{1+c+a}\le\frac{3}{1+2a}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+a^3+1+b^3+b^3+1+c^3+c^3+1\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le3+3+3=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le3\)
Giả sử: \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Ta cần chứng minh.
\(\frac{a}{b+2}+\frac{b}{c+2}+\frac{c}{a+2}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c+c^2b+b^2a+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-abc-8\le0\)
Ta có:
\(a^2c+c^2b+b^2a+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-abc-8\)
\(\le a^2c+c^2b+b^2a-abc-2\)
\(\le a^2c+b^2c+b\left(3-a^2-b^2\right)-abc-2\)
\(=-\left(b-1\right)^2\left(b+2\right)-a\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\le0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
1.
\(-1\le a\le2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+1\ge0\\a-2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2\le}2+a\)
Tương tự \(b^2\le2+b,c^2\le2+c\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le6+a+b+c=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2,b=c=-1 và các hoán vị của chúng
Xét \(\frac{a^2+1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{a}\)
Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{1}{3}\)
khi đó \(a+\frac{1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{8}{9a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a.1}{9a}}+\frac{8}{\frac{9.1}{3}}=\frac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{3}{10}\)
tương tự =>đpcm
Bài 1:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(VT=a-1+\frac{1}{a-1}+1\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a-1}{a-1}}+1=2+1=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2\).
b) BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2\ge2\sqrt{a^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+1-2\sqrt{a^2+1}+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a^2+1}-1\right)^2\ge0\) ( LĐ )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=0\).
Bài 2: tương tự 1b.
Bài 3:
Do \(a,b,c\) dương nên ta có các BĐT:
\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{a+b+c}< \frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{a+b+c}< \frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT:
\(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< 2\)( đpcm )
Lời giải:
\(\frac{1}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{c+a+1}=3-\underbrace{\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b+1}+\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\right)}_{M}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(M=\frac{(a+b)^2}{(a+b)(a+b+1)}+\frac{(b+c)^2}{(b+c)(b+c+1)}+\frac{(c+a)^2}{(c+a)(c+a+1)}\geq \frac{4(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b)(a+b+1)+(b+c)(b+c+1)+(c+a)(c+a+1)}\)
\(=\frac{4(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac)}{2(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)+2(a+b+c)}\geq \frac{4(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac)}{2(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)+2(ab+bc+ac)}=2\) (do $a+b+c\leq ab+bc+ac$)
Vậy $M\geq 2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{c+a+1}=3-M\leq 1$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2.\frac{9}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)(1)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{3}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt{3}\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(2)
Cộng vế với vế của (1) với (2) ta được đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
you've forgot
we have
\(\frac{2a}{a^2+c+1}\le\frac{2a}{2a+c}=1-\frac{c}{2a+c}=1-\frac{c^2}{2ac+c^2}\)