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a) Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3}{24}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,125->0,125-->0,125-->0,125
=> VH2 = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8 (l)
\(V_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,125}{2}=0,0625\left(l\right)\)
c) Sản phẩm là Magie sunfat và khí hidro
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,125.120=15\left(g\right)\)
mH2 = 0,125.2 = 0,25 (g)
d)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,125}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo H2
Gọi số mol CuO bị khử là a (mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a--->a-------->a
=> 16 - 80a + 64a = 14,4
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> nH2(pư) = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,1}{0,125}.100\%=80\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2..........0.3...............0.1...........0.3\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.3\cdot98=29.4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29.4\cdot100}{20}=147\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.1\cdot342=34.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng }}=5.4+147-0.3\cdot2=151.8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34.2}{151.8}\cdot100\%=22.53\%\)
$a\big)2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2$
$b\big)$
$n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$
$\to m_{dd\,H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{30\%}=49(g)$
$c\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{H_2}=0,15(mol);n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,05(mol)$
$\to V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)$
$\to m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,05.342=17,1(g)$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a) Chất tan : FeSO4
Chất khí : H2
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.05\cdot152=7.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,07.0,5=0,035mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4:dư\\ V=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,02.22,4=0,672L\\ C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07}=0,071M\\ C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,07}=\dfrac{1}{7}\left(M\right)\\ CuO+H_2-t^{^0}->Cu+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=0,03mol\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6,4}{80}=0,08\Rightarrow CuO:dư\\ m_{rắn}=6,4-16.0,03=5,92g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2...................0.2..........0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.2\cdot127=25.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=11.2+200-0.2\cdot2=210.8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25.4}{210.8}\cdot100\%=12.05\%\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4-->0,6---------->0,2------->0,6
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)
b) VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
\(C_M_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\\ V_{H_2}=0,622,4=13,44L\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,3M\)
a, PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=72,5-32,5=40\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}+n_{CuO}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow b=C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\\C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\left(I\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\left(II\right)\)
b, Theo PTHH(1) : \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=m_{hh}-m_{Zn}=40\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
c, Theo PTHH (1) và (2) : \(n_{H2SO4}=n_{CuO}+n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MH2SO4}=b=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)
d, ( Chắc là thể tích coi như không đổi )
Thấy sau phản ứng thu được A gồm \(0,5molZnSO_4,0,5molCuSO_4\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCuSO4}=C_{MZnSO4}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\)
Vậy ...
\(a)Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_{\text{ 4}}\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,03.98}{19,6\%}=15\left(g\right)\\ b)m_{ddsaupu}=1,6+15=16,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,01.400}{16,6}.100=24,1\%\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O|\)
1 3 1 3
0,01 0,03 0,01
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,01.3}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,03.98=2,94\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{2,94.100}{19,6}=15\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{3}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,01.400=4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=1,6+15=16,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{4.100}{16,6}=24,1\)0/0
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