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a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot1+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{2}}\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{12+6\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{9+2\cdot3\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}+\left|3+\sqrt{3}\right|}\)
\(=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}+3+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{10-3\sqrt{3}}\)
c) Ta có: \(\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{10}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{2}+2}+\sqrt{2+2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{5}+5}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right|+\left|\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{12}}}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\sqrt{8}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{6-2\cdot\sqrt{6}\cdot\sqrt{2}+2}}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\sqrt{8}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\sqrt{8}\)
\(=\frac{\left|\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right|}{\sqrt{3}-1}-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-1}-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(=2-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(13-2\sqrt{42}=7-2\sqrt{42}+6\\ =\left(\sqrt{7}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{7}\cdot\sqrt{6}+\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{6}\right)^2\)
\(46+6\sqrt{5}=\left(5+2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot3+9\right)+32=\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)^2+32\)(ko rút đc)
\(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\cdot\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}+1}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =4\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}}=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}+1\)
Dễ dàng nhận ra
\(\sqrt{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}}< \sqrt{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}}< 0\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{7}-2}}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}\right)}}{\sqrt{7}-2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{2\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{4}}{\sqrt{7}-2}=\frac{2\sqrt{7}-4}{\sqrt{7}-2}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{7}-2\right)}{\sqrt{7}-2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\sqrt{2}\) (do \(x< 0\))
a) \(=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{16-2.4\sqrt{2}+2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}}=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{12}+4-\sqrt{2}}}\)\(=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}=\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{6-2\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}=1+\sqrt{3}\)
b) Tương tự a) đ/s =5
\(a.A=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}\)
⇔ \(A^2=\) \(\left(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}\right)^2\)
⇔ \(A^2=4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{\left(4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}\right)}+4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}\)⇔ \(A^2=8+2\sqrt{16-10-2\sqrt{5}}=8+2\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}+1}=8+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\)
⇔ \(A^2=8+2\text{|}\sqrt{5}-1\text{|}\)
⇔ \(A^2=6+2\sqrt{5}=5+2\sqrt{5}+1=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\)
⇔ \(\text{ |}A\text{ |}=\text{ |}\sqrt{5}+1\text{ |}\)
⇔ \(A=\sqrt{5}+1\)
Bài 1:
a) \(ĐK:\begin{cases}x^2-4\ge0\\x-2\ge0\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x^2\ge4\\x-2\ge0\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x\ge2;x\ge-2\\x\ge2\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge2\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-4}+2\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-2\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x-2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x+2}-2\right)\)
b) \(ĐK;\begin{cases}x+3\ge0\\x^2-9\ge0\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x\ge-3\\x^2\ge9\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x\ge-3\\x\ge3;x\ge-3\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge3\)
\(3\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x^2-9}=2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\sqrt{x+3}\left(2+\sqrt{x-3}\right)\)
baif 2: a) \(\sqrt{x-5}=3\) diều kiện x>=5
pt<=> x-5=9<=>x=14 (thỏa)
b) \(\sqrt{x-10}=-2\) diều kiện x>=10
nhưng ta thầy VT>=0 mà VP<0=> pt trên vô nghiệm
c) \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{5}\) diều kiện x>=1/2
pt<=>\(2x-1=5\)<=> x=3(thỏa)
d) \(\sqrt{4-5x}=12\) điều kiện x<=4/5
pt<=> 4-5x=144<=> x=-28 (loại)
Bài 1:a) điều kiện x^2-4>=0 và x-2>=0
<=> x<=-2,x>=2 và x>=2
=> điều kiện là x>=2
b)điều kiện x+3>=0 và x^2-9>=0
<=> x>=-3 và x<=-3, x>=3
=> điều kiện là > x>=3
a, \(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)-\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)
\(=3-1-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}=2+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}\)
b, \(=\sqrt{300.0,04}+2\left|\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right|\)
\(=2\sqrt{3}+2\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=2\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{5}\)
c, \(=\sqrt{196}-2\sqrt{98}+\sqrt{49}+7\sqrt{8}\)
\(=14-14\sqrt{2}+7+14\sqrt{2}=21\)
d, \(=15\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{20}-3\sqrt{45}\)
\(=15\sqrt{5}+10\sqrt{5}-9\sqrt{5}=16\sqrt{5}\)
Bài 1: Rút gọn
a) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)-\sqrt{2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)
\(=3-1-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\)
\(=2-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}\)
b) Ta có: \(0.2\cdot\sqrt{\left(-10\right)^2\cdot3}+2\cdot\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=0.2\cdot\sqrt{\left(-10\right)^2}\cdot\sqrt{3}+2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=0.2\cdot10\cdot\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2\sqrt{5}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{28}-2\sqrt{14}+\sqrt{7}\right)\cdot\sqrt{7}+7\sqrt{8}\)
\(=\sqrt{196}-2\cdot\sqrt{98}+\sqrt{49}+7\sqrt{8}\)
\(=14-\sqrt{392}+7+\sqrt{392}\)
=21
d) Ta có: \(\left(15\sqrt{50}+5\sqrt{200}-3\sqrt{450}\right):\sqrt{10}\)
\(=15\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{20}-3\sqrt{45}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}\left(15+5\cdot2-3\cdot3\right)\)
\(=16\sqrt{5}\)