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câu 5: đặt x2 = t, khi đó:
\(-x^4+2x^2+1=0\) (5)
\(\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1+\sqrt{2}\\t=1-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1+\sqrt{2}\\x^2=1-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\\x=-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\\x\in R\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\\x=-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (5) là \(S=\left\{-\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}};\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\right\}\)
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b) \(x^4+x^3-3x^2-4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+2x^3-x^3-2x^2-x^2-2x-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x+2\right)-x^2\left(x+2\right)-x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
Vì \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)( cách c/m mình nói sau )
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+2=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy....
Cách chứng minh :
\(x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)
Hay \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)( đpcm )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
c, x+x4=0
=>x(x+3)=0
=>x=0 hoặc x+3=0
=>x=0 hoặc x = -3
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tui giải câu a thôi nha
chia phương trình cho \(x^2\)ta có:
\(x^2+3x+4+\frac{3}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+3\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+4\)=0
đặt \(x+\frac{1}{x}=a\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=a^2-2\)\(\Rightarrow a^2-2+3a+4=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a+2a+2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+1=0\)hoặc\(a+2=0\)
*a+1=0\(\Rightarrow a=-1\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=1\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}-1=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-x+1}{x}=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=0\)mà
\(x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow\)loại
*a+2=0\(\Rightarrow a=-2\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=-2\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}+2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+2x+1}{x}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm x=-1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) 2x4 - 9x3 + 14x2 - 9x + 2 = 0
<=> (2x4 - 4x3) - (5x3 - 10x2) + (4x2 - 8x) - (x - 2) = 0
<=> 2x3(x - 2) - 5x2(x - 2) + 4x(x - 2) - (x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x3 - 5x2 + 4x - 1)(x - 2) = 0
<=> [(2x3 - 2x2) - (3x2 - 3x) + (x - 1)](x - 2) = 0
<=> [2x2(x - 1) - 3x(x - 1) + (x - 1)](x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x2 - 2x - x + 1)(x - 1)(x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x - 1)(x - 1)2(x - 2) = 0
<=> 2x - 1=0
hoặc x - 1 = 0
hoặc x - 2 = 0
<=> x = 1/2
hoặc x = 1
hoặc x = 2
Vậy S = {1/2; 1; 2}
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2 :
a, Ta có : \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có : \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\4x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\4x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=\frac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có : \(\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\x^2+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x^2+1=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, Ta có : \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-1=0\\x^2+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x^2+4=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
e, Ta có : \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\x+\frac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f, Ta có : \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\\x^2+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\\x^2+7=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 :
a, Ta có : \(1-\frac{x+3}{4}-\frac{x-2}{6}=0\)
=> \(\frac{12}{12}-\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{12}-\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{12}=0\)
=> \(12-3\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x-2\right)=0\)
=> \(12-3x-9-2x+4=0\)
=> \(-5x=-7\)
=> \(x=\frac{7}{5}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu a:
\(x^4+3x^2-2x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^4+2x^2+1)+(x^2-2x+1)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+1)^2+(x-1)^2+1=0(*)\)
Ta thấy: \((x^2+1)^2>0; (x-1)^2\geq 0, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}\)
Do đó \((x^2+1)^2+(x-1)^2+1>0\). Suy ra pt $(*)$ vô nghiệm.
Vậy pt đã cho vô nghiệm.
Câu b:
\(x^4+x^3-3x^2-4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^3+x^2-4x^2-4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2(x^2+x+1)-4(x^2+x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+x+1)(x^2-4)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+x+1)(x-2)(x+2)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x^2+x+1=0\\ x-2=0\\ x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} (x+\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{3}{4}=0(\text{vô lý})\\ x=2\\ x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm $x=\pm 2$
Ta có :
\(x^3-3x^2+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^3+x^2-4x^2-4x+4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(x=1\) hoặc \(x=2\)
\(x^3-3x^2+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2\right)-\left(4x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)-\left(4x-4\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy...