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Lời giải:
a)
\((x-2)(x-3)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-2-1)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2)^2-(x-2)+2x=(x-2)^2-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4=0\Rightarrow x=-4\)
b)
\((x-1)^2+3x(x-1)+7=(2x-1)^2+5(x-3)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+3x(x-1)+7=x^2+(x-1)^2+2x(x-1)+5(x-3)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x(x-1)+7=x^2+5(x-3)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 6x=22\Rightarrow x=\frac{11}{3}\)
c)
\(5(x^2-2x-1)+2(3x-2)=5(x+1)^2=5(x^2-2x+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -5+2(3x-2)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3x-2=5\Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{3}\)
d)
\((x-1)(x^2+x+1)-2x=x(x-1)(x+1)=x(x^2-1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-2x=x^3-x\Leftrightarrow -1-x=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
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Đặt \(x^2+3x-4=a;2x^2-5x+3=b\)
Ta có phương trình: \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3\)
=>3ab(a+b)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x-4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)\left(3x^2-2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{-4;1;\dfrac{3}{2};-\dfrac{1}{3}\right\}\)
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a/ \(\left(5x+1\right)^2=\left(3x-2\right)^2\)
<=> \(\left(5x+1\right)^2-\left(3x-2\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(\left(5x+1-3x+2\right)\left(5x+1+3x-2\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(8x-3\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+3=0\\8x-3=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{3}{2}\\x=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
a )
\(\left(5x+1\right)^2=\left(3x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x\right)^2+2.5x.1+1=\left(3x\right)^2-2.3x.2+2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow25x^2+10x+1=9x^2-12x+4\)
\(\Rightarrow25x^2+10x+1-9x^2+12x-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow16x^2+22x-3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4x\right)^2+2.4x.2,75+\left(2,75\right)^2-10,5625=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4x+2,75\right)^2=10,5625\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+2,75=3,25\)
\(\Rightarrow4x=0,5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,125\)
Vậy \(x=0,125\)
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Lời giải :
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+3x-4=a\\2x^2-5x+3=b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=\left(x^2+3x-4\right)+\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)=3x^2-2x-1\)
Khi đó phương trình đã cho trở thành :
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3=a^3+b^3+3ab.\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3ab.\left(a+b\right)=0\) \(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\ab=0\end{cases}}\)
+) Với \(a+b=0\Rightarrow3x^2-2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
+) Với \(ab=0\Rightarrow\left(x^2+3x-4\right).\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+3x-4=0\left(1\right)\\2x^2-5x+3=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Pt (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
Pt (2) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vạy phương trình đã cho có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-4,-\frac{1}{3},1,\frac{3}{2}\right\}\)
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Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(\frac{4}{5}x-3=\frac{1}{5}x\left(4x-15\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x}{5}-3=\frac{4x^2}{5}-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{12x}{15}-\frac{45}{15}-\frac{12x^2}{15}+\frac{45x}{15}=0\)
Suy ra: \(12x-45-12x^2+45x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-12x^2+57x-45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-12x^2+12x+45x-45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-12x\left(x-1\right)+45\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-12x+45\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-1\right)\left(4x-15\right)=0\)
mà \(-3\ne0\)
nên \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\4x-15=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\4x=15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{15}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{1;\frac{15}{4}\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)-\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(3-x\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)-\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)}{6}+\frac{\left(x-3\right)^2}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{12\left(x-3\right)}{12}-\frac{2\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)}{12}+\frac{3\left(x-3\right)^2}{12}=0\)
Suy ra: \(12\left(x-3\right)-2\left(2x^2-11x+15\right)+3\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x-36-4x^2+22x-30+3x^2-18x+27=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+16x-39=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x^2-16x+39\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-13x-3x+39=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-13\right)-3\left(x-13\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-13\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-13=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=13\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm S={3;13}
c) Ta có: \(\frac{\left(3x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)}{3}+5\left(3x+1\right)=\frac{2\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}{3}+2x\left(3x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x^2-3x-2}{3}+5\left(3x+1\right)-\frac{12x^2+10x+2}{3}-2x\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x^2-3x-2-12x^2-10x-2}{3}-6x^2+13x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-3x^2-13x-4}{3}+\frac{3\left(-6x^2+13x+5\right)}{3}=0\)
Suy ra: \(-3x^2-13x-4-18x^2+39x+15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-21x^2+26x+11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-21x^2-7x+33x+11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x\left(3x+1\right)+11\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(-7x+11\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=0\\-7x+11=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=-1\\-7x=-11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1}{3}\\x=\frac{11}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-\frac{1}{3};\frac{11}{7}\right\}\)
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Làm cho bạn 1 con thôi dài quá trôi hết màn hình:
c) có vẻ khó nhất (con khác tương tự)
đặt 2x+2=t=> x+1=t/2
\(\left(t-1\right).\left(\frac{t}{2}\right)^{^2}.\left(t+1\right)=18\Leftrightarrow\left(t^2-1\right)t^2=4.18\)
\(t^4-t^2=4.18\Leftrightarrow y^2-2.\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{1}{4}=4.18+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{16.18+1}{4}=\left(\frac{17}{2}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{^2}=\left(\frac{17}{2}\right)^2\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}y=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{17}{2}=-8\\y=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{17}{2}=9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}2x+2=-8\Rightarrow x=-5\\2x+2=9\Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(a,\frac{x+1}{x-2}+\frac{x-1}{x+2}=\frac{2\left(x^2+2\right)}{x^2-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{2\left(x^2+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
=> ( x + 1)( x + 2) + ( x - 1)( x - 2) = 2x2 + 4
<=> x2 + 2x + x + 2 + x2 - 2x - x + 2 = 2x2 + 4
<=> x2 + 2x + x + x2 - 2x - x - 2x2 = 4 - 2 - 2
<=> 0x = 0
Vậy phương trình vô số nghiệm
Phương trình đã cho đương với :
( x2 - 2x +2)2 -x2 + x2 -3x +2 = 0
<=> ( x2 -2x + 2 + x )( x2 -2x + 2 -x ) + ( x2 -3x + 2) = 0
<=> ( x2 -3x + 2)(x2 -x + 3 ) =0
<=> (x-1).(x-2 ) =0( vì x2 - x + 3 = \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}>0\))
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S = { 1 ; 2 }