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a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x-4=x^2-4\\x^2-5x-4=4-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-5x=0\\2x^2-5x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{5\pm\sqrt{89}}{4}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ - Với \(x\ge3\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1+3\left(x-3\right)=6\Leftrightarrow4x=16\Rightarrow x=4\)
- Với \(x\le1\) pt trở thành:
\(1-x+3\left(3-x\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
- Với \(1< x< 3\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1+3\left(3-x\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-2\Rightarrow x=1\) (loại)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x^2-6x-4}{x^2-4}=1\\\frac{x^2-6x-4}{x^2-4}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-6x-4=x^2-4\\x^2-6x-4=4-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-6x=0\\2x^2-6x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ - Với \(x\ge2\) pt trở thành:
\(x-1-2\left(x-2\right)=x^2-x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{6}\\x=-\sqrt{6}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(x\le1\) pt trở thành:
\(1-x-2\left(2-x\right)=x^2-x-3\) làm tương tự
- Với \(1< x< 2\):
\(x-1-2\left(2-x\right)=x^2-x-3\)
1.
ĐK: \(-1\le x\le4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{4-x}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(4-x\right)}=\frac{t^2-5}{2}\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow t+\frac{t^2-5}{2}=5\Rightarrow t^2+2t-15=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(t=3\Rightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+3x+4}=2\) \(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+3x+4=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (tm)
2.
ĐK:\(x\ge4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-16}=t^2-2x\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow t=2x-12+t^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-12=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=4\\t=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Giải tiếp như trên.
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+2\right|=0\\\left|x+2\right|=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x+2=3\\x+2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x+2\right|+1\right)\left(\left|x+2\right|-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=4\\x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-3\right|^2-6\left|x^2-3\right|+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-1\right)\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x^2-3\right|=1\\\left|x^2-3\right|=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3=1\\x^2-3=-1\\x^2-3=5\\x^2-3=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4\\x^2=2\\x^2=8\\x^2=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left|x-2\right|^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{2\left|x-4\right|}{x-1}=3\)
Đặt \(\frac{\left|x-2\right|}{x-1}=a\)
\(a^2+2a-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\\\left|x-2\right|=-3\left(x-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\left(x\ge1\right)\\\left|x-2\right|=3-3x\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x-1\left(vn\right)\\x-2=1-x\\x-2=3-3x\\x-2=3x-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=\frac{4}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=a>0\)
\(a-\frac{2}{a}=1\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=2\left(x+2\right)\\2x-1=-2\left(x+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) ĐKXĐ: x\(\ge\)-3
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+7\right)\left(x+3\right)}=3\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{x+7}-6\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x+3},\sqrt{x+7}\right)=\left(a,b\right)\) \(\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow ab=3a+2b-6\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-3\right)-2\left(b-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(b-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\end{cases}}\)(TM ĐK)
TH 1: a=2\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=2\Leftrightarrow x+3=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(tm)
TH 2: b=3\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+7}=3\Leftrightarrow x+7=9\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(tm)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S={1; 2}
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(x+7-2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=3\left(x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-52\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=3a^2-52\Leftrightarrow3a^2-a-52=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\left(l\right)\\a=\frac{13}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=\frac{13}{3}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm nên ko muốn giải tiếp, bạn bình phương lên và chuyển vế thôi :(
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{4}\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=5+4\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(a+10\left(\frac{a^2-5}{4}\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+2a-51=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{17}{5}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2\right)=12-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=24-2x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\) ta được:
\(a^2=24-2a\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=4\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-6\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=16\\x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^4+2x^2-8=0\\x^4+2x^2-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\\x^2=\sqrt{19}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{19}-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}< 0\left(l\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}\\x=\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}>0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+5x+2}=2\sqrt{2x^2+5x-6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+5x+2=4\left(2x^2+5x-6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+15x-26=0\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=a\)
\(a+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow a^2-\frac{5}{2}a+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=2\\\sqrt[5]{\frac{16x}{x-1}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}16x=32\left(x-1\right)\\16x=\frac{1}{32}\left(x-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=a\ge0\Rightarrow x^2-2x=\frac{a^2-7}{6}\)
\(\frac{a^2-7}{6}-a=0\Leftrightarrow a^2-6a-7=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{6x^2-12x+7}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-12x-42=0\)
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+4-\sqrt{x^2+x+4}-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+x+4}=a>0\)
\(a^2-a-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+4}=2\Rightarrow x^2+x=0\)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}=a>0\Rightarrow x^2+2x=\frac{a^2-4}{3}\)
\(\frac{a^2-4}{3}+a-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-10=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+4}=2\Rightarrow3x^2+6x=0\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
Đặt \(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=a\Rightarrow a^2=4+2x\sqrt{4-x^2}\Rightarrow x\sqrt{4-x^2}=\frac{a^2-4}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{3\left(a^2-4\right)}{2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3a^2+2a+8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=2\\x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4-x^2}=2-x\\3\sqrt{4-x^2}=-4-3x\left(x\le-\frac{4}{3}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4-x^2=x^2-4x+4\\12\left(4-x^2\right)=9x^2+24x+16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-4x=0\\21x^2+24x-32=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=\frac{-12+4\sqrt{51}}{2}\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{-12-4\sqrt{51}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mấy câu còn lại và bài kia tầm 30ph nữa sẽ làm, bận chút xíu việc
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{4-x^2}+4+4\right)\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}\right)-5=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=4+2\sqrt{4-x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+4\right)a-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+4a-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\sqrt{4-x^2}=1\Rightarrow2\sqrt{4-x^2}=-3\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
Thật ra bài này có thể biện luận vô nghiệm ngay từ đầu:
\(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}\ge\sqrt{x+2+2-x}=2\)
\(2\left(\sqrt{4-x^2}+4\right)\ge2.4=8\)
\(\Rightarrow VT>8.2-5=11>0\) nên pt vô nghiệm