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a)\(\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)=\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}-3x-40\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)-14=\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}-63-3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)^2-196}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}=\frac{\left(x+18\right)^2\left(x+6\right)-3969}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}-3\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3+9x^2+24x-180}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{x^3+42x^2+540x-2025}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+12x+60\right)}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+45x+675\right)}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{x^2+12x+60}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{x^2+45x+675}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\right)=0\)
Pt trong ngoặc to to kia vô nghiệm
Suy ra x=3
b)\(3\left(\sqrt{x+9}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)=4-4x\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+9}-\sqrt{x+1}=\frac{4-4x}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+10-2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)}=\frac{16x^2-32x+16}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)}=\frac{16x^2-32x+16}{9}-\left(2x+10\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)=\frac{256x^4-1600x^3+132x^2+7400x+5476}{81}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-64\left(x^2-5x-5\right)\left(4x^2-5x-8\right)}{81}=0\)
mỗi lần bình phương tự rút ra điều kiện mà khử nghiệm nhé :v
Bài 1:
ĐKXĐ: $-2\leq x\leq 2$
Đặt $\sqrt{2-x}=a; \sqrt{2+x}=b(a,b\geq 0)$
Ta có: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b+ab=2\\ a^2+b^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=2-ab\\ (a+b)^2-2ab=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow (2-ab)^2-2ab=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (ab)^2-6ab=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} ab=0\\ ab=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu $ab=0\Rightarrow a+b=2$. Theo định lý Vi-et đảo thì $a,b$ là nghiệm của pt $X^2-2X=0\Rightarrow (a,b)=(0,2); (2,0)$
$\Rightarrow x=2$
Nếu $ab=6\Rightarrow a+b=-4$. Theo định lý Vi-et đảo thì $a,b$ là nghiệm của pt $X^2+4X+6=0$ (pt này vô nghiệm)
Vậy $x=2$
Bài 2:
ĐK: $x\geq \frac{-1}{3}
PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{5x+7}=\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow 5x+7=4x+4+2\sqrt{(x+3)(3x+1)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=2\sqrt{(x+3)(3x+1)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+3}(\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{3x+1})=0\)
Vì $x\geq \frac{-1}{3}$ nên $\sqrt{x+3}\neq 0$
Do đó $\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{3x+1}=0$
$\Rightarrow x+3=4(3x+1)$
$\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{11}$ (thỏa mãn)
Vậy..........
\(\sqrt{2x-1}=x^2-x-\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(\left(2x-1\right)+\sqrt{2x-1}+\frac{1}{4}=x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{2x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\) tự làm được rồi
\(ĐKXĐ:x\ge-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+2\sqrt{3x+1}=x^2+x+3\)
\(\left(x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}-1\right)+\left(2\sqrt{3x+1}-4\right)=x^2+x-2\)
\(\frac{x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)-1}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{4\left(3x+1\right)-16}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\frac{x^4-x^3+x^2-1}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{12x-12}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x+1\right)}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{12\left(x-1\right)}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{x^3+x+1}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{12}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}-x-2\right)=0\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\left(TM\right)\\\frac{x^3+x+1}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{12}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}-x-2=0\end{cases}}\)
bạn cm \(\frac{x^3+x+1}{x\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}+\frac{12}{2\sqrt{3x+1}+4}-x-2\ne0\)
vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất là x=1