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ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{-1}{3},x\ne0\)
pt\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{12x^2-4x+x-1}{4x}=\sqrt{3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow12x^2-3x-1=4x\sqrt{3x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}.16x^2-\left(3x+1\right)-\sqrt{16x^2\left(3x+1\right)}=0\)
Vì \(x\ne0\) nên chia cả 2 vế cho \(16x^2\), ta được:
\(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3x+1}{16x^2}-\sqrt{\dfrac{3x+1}{16x^2}}=0\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{\dfrac{3x+1}{16x^2}}\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2+t-\dfrac{3}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(TM\right)\\t=\dfrac{-3}{2}\left(KTM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{\dfrac{3x+1}{16x^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(3x+1\right)=16x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-12x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)(TM)
Vậy pt có tập nghiệm là \(S=\left\{1;\dfrac{-1}{4}\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2+2x}+\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{3x^2+4x+1}\)(ĐK:\(x>\frac{1}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+2x-1+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=3x^2+4x+1\)(BP 2 vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x^3-x^2+4x^2-2x}=2x^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^3+2x+3x^2+3-4x-3}=x^2+1\)
Đặt \(x^2+1=t\)
pt\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2xt+3t-\left(4x+3\right)}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xt+3t-4x-3=t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t\left(2x+3\right)+4x+3=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(2x+3\right)^2-4.\left(4x+3\right)=4x^2+12x+9-16x-12=4x^2-4x-3\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}t_1=\frac{2x+3-\sqrt{4x^2-4x-3}}{2}\\t_2=\frac{2x+3+\sqrt{4x^2-4x-3}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
TH1:\(t=\frac{2x+3-\sqrt{4x^2-4x-3}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2+2=2x+3-\sqrt{4x^2-4x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2=2x+3-\sqrt{4x^2+4x-8x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t=2x+3-\sqrt{4t-8x-3}\)
Giải ra rồi thay TH2
a, dk \(x\ge0\)
ap dung bdt cosi ta co
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\frac{4x}{\sqrt{x+3}}\ge2\sqrt{4x}=4\sqrt{x}\)
dau = xay ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=\frac{4x}{\sqrt{x+3}}\Leftrightarrow x+3=4x\Rightarrow x=1\)(tm dk)
kl x=1 la no cua pt
a)\(\sqrt{3x+1}+2x=\sqrt{x-4}-5\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ge4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x+1}-\sqrt{x-4}\right)+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x+1-x+4}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x+5}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1\right)=0\)
a') (tiếp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+5=0\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2,5\left(KTMĐKXĐ\right)\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\end{cases}}\)
Xét phương trình \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\)(1)
Với mọi \(x\ge4\), ta có:
\(\sqrt{3x+1}>0\); \(\sqrt{x-4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}>0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1>0\)
Do đó phương trình (1) vô nghiệm.
Vậy phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm.
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=x+y\\P=xy\end{cases}}\) hpt thành:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}S^2-P=3\\S+P=9\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S^2-P=3\\S=9-P\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\left(9-P\right)^2-P=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P=6\Rightarrow S=3\\P=13\Rightarrow S=-4\end{cases}}\).Thay 2 trường hợp S và P vào ta tìm dc
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=0\end{cases}}\)và\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Câu 3: ĐK: \(x\ge0\)
Ta thấy \(x-\sqrt{x-1}=0\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{x-1}\Rightarrow x^2-x+1=0\) (Vô lý), vì thế \(x-\sqrt{x-1}\ne0.\)
Khi đó \(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left[x^2-\left(x-1\right)\right]}{x+\sqrt{x-1}}=x+\sqrt{x-1}\Rightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{x-1}\right)=x+\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-4\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=t\Rightarrow x=t^2+1\Rightarrow2\left(t^2+1\right)-4t=0\Rightarrow t=1\Rightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)
a)\(2x^2+x+3=3x\sqrt{x+3}\)
ĐK:\(x\ge-3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-3=3x\sqrt{x+3}-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-3=\frac{9x^2\left(x+3\right)-36}{3x\sqrt{x+3}+6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-3-\frac{9x^3+27x^2-36}{3x\sqrt{x+3}+6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)-\frac{9\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)^2}{3x\sqrt{x+3}+6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[2x+3-\frac{9\left(x+2\right)^2}{3x\sqrt{x+3}+6}\right]=0\)
.....................
b) sai đề hay vô nghiệm nhỉ
ĐKXĐ: x\(\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{3x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{5}\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{4x+1}-3\right)-\left(\sqrt{3x-2}-2\right)=\dfrac{x+3}{5}-1\)
<=> \(\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}=\dfrac{x-2}{5}\)
<=> \(\left(x-2\right)\left(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=0\)
<=> x-2=0 ( Vì \(\left(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+2}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)<0 với mọi x\(\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\))
<=> x=2
Vậy S={2}
Đk:\(x\ne0;x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Pt \(\Leftrightarrow12x^2-3x-1=4x\sqrt{3x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2=4x^2+4x\sqrt{3x+1}+3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2=\left(2x+\sqrt{3x+1}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=2x+\sqrt{3x+1}\\4x=-\left(2x+\sqrt{3x+1}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\sqrt{3x+1}\left(1\right)\\6x=-\sqrt{3x+1}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\4x^2=3x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\\left(x-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=1\) (thỏa)
TH2\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\36x^2=3x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{17}}{24}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{17}}{24}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{17}}{24}\)(tm)
Vậy...
Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x\ge \frac{-1}{3}; x\neq 0$
PT \(\Leftrightarrow 3(x-1)+\frac{x-1}{4x}=\sqrt{3x+1}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3(x-1)+\frac{x-1}{4x}=\frac{3(x-1)}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(3+\frac{1}{4x}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2})=0\)
Nếu $x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1$ (tm)
Nếu $3+\frac{1}{4x}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 12x\sqrt{3x+1}+12x+\sqrt{3x+1}+2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{3x+1}(12x+1)=-(12x+2)$
Từ đây suy ra $x\leq \frac{-1}{6}$
Bình phương 2 vế:
$(3x+1)(12x+1)^2=[(12x+1)+1]^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 3x(12x+1)^2=2(12x+1)+1$
$\Leftrightarrow 144x^3+24x^2-7x-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (4x+1)(36x^2-3x-1)=0$
Vì $x\leq \frac{-1}{6}$ nên $x=\frac{1-\sqrt{17}}{24}$