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a)Ta có: \(\frac{3}{1.4}=\frac{4-1}{1.4}=1-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{3}{4.7}=\frac{7-4}{4.7}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}\)
... . . . .
\(\frac{3}{n\left(n+3\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}< 1^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
b) Ta có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{2}{5}< S\) (1)
Ta lại có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\)
Từ đó suy ra S < 8/9
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra đpcm
a) \(\frac{1}{2}< \frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}=\left(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{91}+\frac{1}{92}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)\(\frac{1}{60}\cdot10< \frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{1}{50}\cdot10\)
\(\frac{1}{6}< \frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{1}{5}\)(1)
\(\frac{1}{70}\cdot10< \frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}< \frac{1}{60}\cdot10\)
\(\frac{1}{7}< \frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}< \frac{1}{6}\)(2)
.... (tương tự )
\(\frac{1}{100}\cdot10< \frac{1}{91}+\frac{1}{92}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{90}\cdot10\)
\(\frac{1}{10}< \frac{1}{91}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{9}\)
Từ (1)(2)(3)(4) và (5)
\(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}< \frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{9}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}< \frac{1624}{2520}< \frac{1}{51}+...+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(1>\frac{1879}{2520}>\frac{1}{51}+...+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A=\frac{99}{100}< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 2:
a, S = 1/11 + 1/12 + .. +1/20 với 1/2
SỐ số hạng tổng S: [20 - 11]: 1 + 1 = 10 số
mà 1/11 > 1/20
1/12 > 1/20
.........................
1/20 = 1/20
=> 1/11 + 1/12 + ... + 1/20 > 1/20 . 10 => S > 1/2
b, B = 2015/2016 + 2016/2017 và C = 2015+2016/2016+2017
Dễ dàng ta thấy: C = 4031/4033 < 1
B = 2015/2016 + 2016/2017
B = 2015/2016 + [1/2016 + 4062239/4066272]
B = [2015/2016 + 1/2016] + 4062239/4066272]
B = 1 +4062239/4066272
=> B > 1
Vậy B > C
c, [-1/5]^9 và [-1/25]^5
ta có: 255 = [52]5 = 52.5 = 510 > 59
=> [1/5]9 > [1/25]5
=> [-1/5]9 < [-1/25]5
d, 1/32+1/42+1/52+1/62 và 1/2
ta có: 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 + 1/5^2 + 1/6^2 = 1/9 + 1/16 + 1/25 + 1/36
mà: 1/9 < 1/8
1/16 < 1/8
1/25 < 1/8
1/36 < 1/8
=> 1/9+1/16+1/25+1/36 < 1/2
Vậy 1/32+1/42+1/52+1/62 < 1/2
Bài 1:
A = 3/4 . 8/9 . 15/16....2499/2500
A = [1.3/22][2.4/32]....[49.51/502]
A = [1.2.3.4.5...51 / 2.3.4....50][3.4.5...51 / 2.3.4...50]
A = 1/50 . 51/2
A = 51/100
B = 22/1.3 + 32/2.4 + ... + 502/49.51
B = 4/3.9/8....2500/2499
Nhận thấy B ngược A => B = 100/51 [cách tính tương tự tính A]
Bài 2:
a. S = 1/11+1/12+...+1/20 và 1/2
Số số hạng tổng S: [20 - 11]: 1 + 1 = 10 [ps]
ta có: 1/11 > 1/20
Ta có : S =\(\frac{1}{2^2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{3^2}\)\(+\)...\(+\)\(\frac{1}{9^2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2.2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{3.3}\)\(+\)...\(+\)\(\frac{1}{9^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)S > \(\frac{1}{2.3}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{3.4}\)\(+\)...\(+\)\(\frac{1}{9.10}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{4}\)\(+\)..\(+\)\(\frac{1}{9}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{10}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)S < \(\frac{1}{1.2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{2.3}\)\(+\)...\(+\)\(\frac{1}{8.9}\)
=\(1\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(+\)...\(+\)\(\frac{1}{8}\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{9}\)
= \(1\)\(-\)\(\frac{1}{9}\)= \(\frac{8}{9}\)
Vậy \(\frac{2}{5}\)< S < \(\frac{8}{9}\)(đpcm)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(\frac{1}{20\cdot23}+\frac{1}{23\cdot26}+...+\frac{1}{77\cdot80}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{3}{20\cdot23}+\frac{3}{23\cdot26}+...+\frac{3}{77\cdot80}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{77}-\frac{1}{80}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{80}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{4}{80}-\frac{1}{80}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{3}{80}=\frac{1}{1}\cdot\frac{1}{80}=\frac{1}{80}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{80}< \frac{1}{9}\)nên \(\frac{1}{20\cdot23}+\frac{1}{23\cdot26}+...+\frac{1}{77\cdot80}< \frac{1}{9}\)
Vậy : ...
\(\frac{1}{20.23}+\frac{1}{23.26}+...+\frac{1}{77.80}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{3}{20.23}+\frac{3}{23.26}+...+\frac{3}{77.80}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{23}+\frac{1}{23}-\frac{1}{26}+...+\frac{1}{77}-\frac{1}{80}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{80}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{3}{80}\)
\(=\frac{1}{80}< \frac{1}{9}\)