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H’mong people are an important member in the community of ethnic minorities in Vietnam with about one million people, ranked 8th among 54 Vietnamese ethnics. They often occupy the upland areas, from 800-1500m above the sea level, mostly in the Northwest and a few in the central highland of Vietnam. You can easily spot them in Ha Giang, Lao Cai, Sa Pa, Lai Chau, Son La and several other provinces.
Their language family is Hmon-Mien, yet the language is a non-written one. Hmong people have a very extraordinary culture that is still vividly seen today. The best time to visit the Hmong is during the Lunar New Year in late January or early February - when they would celebrate the 3-day Tet festival. During the festival, they often cheerfully blow “khèn” (their special woodwind instrument), play swings and other traditional games and sing in the large yard around the village.
Stealing Wife is another special H’mong’s custom: when a man loves a woman, he must ‘steal’ her in the darkest night and imprison her without food for 2-3 days; if the woman accepts to marry him, he will come to her family to ask for her parents’ permission.
H’mong people believe that they have a common ancestor so they greatly value unity in their community. Several families gather into a cluster and has a leader responsible for common works. As for costumes, H’mong people usually wear their self-woven clothes made by linen, decorated with unique technique to express their strong ethnic characteristics. They drink corn, rice wine, smoking cigarettes using plow. Meanwhile, if you are a guest who is invited a self-loaded plow by a H’mong, you should take it as a friendly fondness.
Nhớ tick cho mk nha

I. Rewrite these words or phrases to complete sentences
1. population in Vietnam?/ Which ethnic / second largest / people has the/
→ Which ethnic group has the second largest population in Vietnam?
2. What is/ of the ethnic/Viet Nam like?/ the cultural heritage/ peoples in
→ What is the cultural heritage of the ethnic peoples in Vietnam like?
3. three costumes?/ Which do/ most of the/ you like/
→ Which of the three costumes do you like the most?
4. famous /What /are/ for?/ the Yao/
→ What are the Yao famous for ?

There is a unique festival of Dao ethnic group you must see – the “Dancing over fire” festival. This festival takes place every year to pray for good weather, harvests, bringing warmth to the people, dispel the cold mountainous weather. The chosen ones are strong healthy guys. The shaman will do some mysterious rituals, praying the Gods give the chosen men strength. After the shaman finish the first rituals, the men have shivers, signaling they are about to receive the strength and courage to jump and dance on the embers in front of people. The shaman drum become more and more impulsive, the men dance with stronger movements and jump on the embers. What a spectacular and unique scene, it really makes you feel closer to the gods above.
Nowadays, bullfighting (or buffalo fighting) is still one of the most famous festivals. It has been maintained and developed in the plains and some place in midland. This festival although a little bit violent but it is an indispensable features of agricultural culture in which the buffalo is an essential animal and the strength of them is one of the most crucial factors. This festival is so famous that even the guests have to come early to reserve a good seat. A clan or village owns “the champion buffalo” feel very honored, proud and have more confidence in a year filled with health, luck, good weather, harvest …
Almost all the provinces along the coastline have their own boat racing competition. According to the researchers, boat racing competitions originated from the worship to god whale, earth spirit and river spirit. It represents the love of the fishermen to the sea and the dream to conquer it. The fishermen show their strength, their solidarity and their skills in this contest.
Traditional festivals play a very important role in culture. Although many of them can not maintain the original rituals but the spirit and the meaning of them will never change in each Vietnamese mind. We inherited precious tradition from our forefathers and we will do our best to maintain and develop it in our own way.
Traveling Vietnam by motorbike to remote areas at the New Year time you’ll have more chances to join at meaningful festivals of the local hill tribes. Vietnam Motorbike Tour Expert team is ready to travel and discover the the meaning of the traditional festivals in Vietnam.

1. What has Jim recently experienced?
2. Where do the ethnic minorities in Viet Nam often live?
3. How are their costumes looks like?
4. Where do they often gather in special occasions?
5. What does the chief of the community often tell at the communal house?
6. When do ethnic people often hold festival?
7. Why is life in the moutainous area quite difficult?
8. How long does it take people in remote area to travel from their house to the market?
9. What makes life in remote area so difficult?
10. How do the local authorities try to help the ethnic minorities?

1. What has Jim recently experienced?
2. Where do the ethnic minorities in Viet Nam often live?
3. How are their costumes looks like?
4. Where do they often gather in special occasions?
5. What does the chief of the community often tell at the communal house?
6. When do ethnic people often hold festival?
7. Why is life in the moutainous area quite difficult?
8. How long does it take people in remote area to travel from their house to the market?
9. What makes life in remote area so difficult?
10. How do the local authorities try to help the ethnic minorities?

1. What is the price of these costumes?
-> How much ...are these costumes?........................
2. His brother spent two hours doing his homework (make a question for the underlined parts)
-> .......How long did his brother spend doing his homework?......................................
3. ethnic minorities/ still/ traditional/ Some/ life/ in/ ways/ mountains/ their/ the/ keep/ of/ .
-> ........Some ethnic minorities in the mountain still keep their traditional ways of life ......................................
4. The cultural heritage of the ethnic peoples in Vietnam is very rich.(make a question for the underlined parts)
-> ...........How is .the cultural heritage of the ethnic peoples in Vietnam?.....................................