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1. Cars cause pollution but people still want them. (although)
→……Although Cars cause pollution, people still want them………………………………………………………… .
2. Although it got dark, they continued to work. (in spite of)
→……In spite of the darkness, they continued to work………………………………………………………… .
3. He couldn’t solve the problem though he is good at math. (despite)
→… He couldn’t solve the problem despite being good at math…………………………………………………………… .
4. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry . (despite)
→…She didn’t eat much despite being hungry …………………………………………………………… .
5. Although he often tells lies, many people believe him. (In spite of)
→……In spite of his often telling lies, many people believe him.………………………………………………………… .
6. He isn’t happy although he is very rich. (despite)
→………He isn’t happy despite being very rich.……………………………………………………… .
7. In spite of headache, he enjoyed the film. (although)
→……………Although he had a headache, he enjoyed the film.………………………………………………… .
8. My friend ate the chocolate cake even though she was on a diet. (despite)
→……My friend ate the chocolate cake despite being on a diet. ………………………………………………………… .
9. In spite of their poverty, they are very generous. (although)
→……Although they are poor, they are very generous.………………………………………………………… .
10.Although he is wealthy, he is not spoiled. (despite)
→……Despite being wealthy, he is not spoiled …………………………………………………………

1. He is rich but He isn’t happy. ( Although )
Although He is rich, He isn’t happy.
2. Cars cause pollution but people still want them. ( although )
Although Cars cause pollution, people still want them
3. Mr. Nam was successful in his life although he came from a poor family. ( despite )
Despite coming from a poor family, Mr. Nam was successful in his life
4. Though he is intelligent, he can’t do all these tests well. ( in spite of )
In spite of being intelligent, he can’t do all these tests well.
5. In spite of his much experience in machinery , he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine . ( Although )
Although he had much experience in machinery , he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine
6. Don’t shout at her in spite of her laziness. ( Though )
Though she us lazy, Don’t shout at her
7.It was raining heavily but I went swimming . ( in spite of )
In spite of the heavi rain, I went swimming
8. Though Lan is beautiful and intelligent, she is never proud of herself. (As ).
Much as Lan is beautiful and intelligent, she is never proud of herself.
9. Lan is always admired by her friends because she is intelligent. ( Because of ).
Because of her intelligent, Lan is always admired by her friends
10. We don’t spend much time on our homework because a lot of devices for the home were invented.( Because of
Because of the invention of a lot of devices for the home, We don’t spend much time on our homework
11. We always trust Nam because he is wise and honest. ( Because of ) .
Because of his wisdom and honesty, We always trust Nam
12. Because of Lan’s poverty, she can’t continue her study at the university. ( Because )
Because Lan is poor, she can’t continue her study at the university.
Exercise 5: Rewrite sentence
1. He is rich but He isn’t happy. ( Although )
Although he is rich, he isn't happy
2. Cars cause pollution but people still want them. ( although ) Although cars cause pollution, people still want them
3. Mr. Nam was successful in his life although he came from a poor family. ( despite ) Despite coming from a poor family, Mr.Nam was successful in his life
4. Though he is intelligent, he can’t do all these tests well. ( in spite of ) In spite of being intelligent, he can't do all these tests well
5. In spite of his much experience in machinery , he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine . ( Although ) Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn't succeed in repairing this machine
6. Don’t shout at her in spite of her laziness. ( Though ) Don't shout at her though she was lazy
7.It was raining heavily but I went swimming . ( in spite of ) In spite of the heavy rain, I went swimming
8. Though Lan is beautiful and intelligent, she is never proud of herself. (As ). Beautiful and intelligent as Lan is, she is never proud of herself
9. Lan is always admired by her friends because she is intelligent. ( Because of ). Lan is always admired by her friends because of her intelligence
10. We don’t spend much time on our homework because a lot of devices for the home were invented.( Because of We don't spend much time on our homework because of the inventions of many devices for the home
11. We always trust Nam because he is wise and honest. ( Because of ) . We always trust Nam because of his wisdom and honesty
12. Because of Lan’s poverty, she can’t continue her study at the university. ( Because ) Lan can't continue her study at the university because she is poor

Although he is rich, he isn’t happy. (Although)
Although cars cause pollution, people still want them. (Although)
Mr Nam was successful in his life despite coming from a poor family. (despite)
In spite of being intelligent, he can’t do all these tests well. (in spite of)
Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine. (Although)
Don’t shout at her though she is lazy. (though)
In spite of the heavy rain, I went swimming. (in spite of)
In spite of being beautiful and intelligent, Lan is never proud of herself. (In spite of )
Lan is admired (được ngưỡng mộ) because of being intelligent. (Because of)
We don’t spend much time on our housework because of the invention of a lot of devices for the home ( because of)
We always trust (tin tưởng) Nam because of his wisdom and honesty.( because of)

Big cities have problems with, crowded streets, congested traffic, noise and air pollution. Every day, thousands of vehicles fill the streets, especially. during rush hours. The large numbers of cars, buses and trucks cause so much congestion. No vehicles can move in any direction. Parking' is another problem. There are not enough parking facilities, and when cars try to park on the streets, there is not enough room for traffic. Finally, the traffic adds to the problem of air and noise pollution .
1 problems
2 vehicles
3 cause
4 Parking
5 traffic
6 pollutions

REWRITE:
1.Cars cause poluttion but people still want them
->Although...........Cars cause poluttion,people still want them..............
2.Although his leg was broken ,he managed to get out of the car
->In spite..............of his broken leg ,he managed to get out of the car.........
3.The café was crowded ,but we found a table
->Although.............The café was crowded ,we found a table.............
4.She was seriously ill but she enjoyed life very much
->Although......She was seriously ill ,she enjoyed life very much........
5.He crashed his car although he drove carefully
->Despite............driving carefully,He crashed his car.........
6.Although the weather was very hot , they continued playing football
->In spite of.........the hot weather ,they continued playing football............
7.They got wet to the skin because of heavy rain
->It rained..............heavily so They got wet to the skin ........................
8.Our guests arrived late because of the heavy rain
->Because.......the rain is heavy ,Our guests arrived late...........
9.Because of my friends's absence, I have to copy the lesson for him
->Because...........my friends is absent, I have to copy the lesson for him...................
10.This boy isignorant because he is lazy
->Because of.............his laziness,This boy isignorant................
11.My friend was absent because of his illness
->Because................My friend was ill,he was absent ......
12.Since he was careless, Tim lost his job
->Because of...........his carelessness, Tim lost his job.....................
=> Although electric cars cause no air pollution, they still cause traffic jams
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