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nP = 6.2/31 = 0.2 (mol)
nO2 = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
4P + 5O2 -to-> 2P2O5
0.2___0.25_____0.1
mO2 dư = ( 0.3 - 0.25) * 32 = 1.6(g)
mP2O5 = 0.1*142 = 14.2 (g)
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6.2}{31}=0.29mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3mol\)
PTHH:
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{n_{P\left(bra\right)}}{nP_{\left(pthh\right)}}=\dfrac{0.2}{4}=0.05\\\dfrac{n_{O_2\left(bra\right)}}{n_{O_2}\left(pthh\right)}=\dfrac{0.3}{5}=0.06\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(O_2\) dư
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
4 ----------->2
0.2---------->0.1=nP2O5
=>\(m_{P_2O_5}=142.0.1=14.2\left(g\right)\)
a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
b, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,4}{5}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,25=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(m_{P_2O_5}=14,2.80\%=11,36\left(g\right)\)
\(a) n_P = \dfrac{6,2}{31} = 0,2(mol) ;n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,05< \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,06 \to O_2\ dư\\ n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,25(mol)\\ m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,3 -0,25).32 = 1,6(gam)\\ b) n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_P = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,1.142 = 14,2(gam)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,4}{5}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)
\(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=\dfrac{5}{4}.0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,25=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{P_2O_5\left(lt\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{P_2O_5\left(lt\right)}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{P_2O_5\left(tt\right)}=0,1.142.80\%=11,36\left(g\right)\)
\(a.4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\\ n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{19,2}{32}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,6}{5}\\ \Rightarrow O_2dư\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,6-\dfrac{5}{4}.0,2=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,35.32=11,2\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{n_P}{2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=142.0,1=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Tham khảo
nP = 6.2/31 = 0.2 (mol)
nO2 = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
4P + 5O2 -to-> 2P2O5
0.2___0.25_____0.1
mO2 dư = ( 0.3 - 0.25) * 32 = 1.6(g)
mP2O5 = 0.1*142 = 14.2 (g)
nP=\(\dfrac{62}{31}\)=0,2(mol)
nO2=\(\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}\)=0,35(mol)
PTHH:4P+5O2to→2P2O5
tpứ: 0,2 0,35
pứ: 0,2 0,25 0,1
spứ: 0 0,1 0,1
a)chất còn dư là oxi
mO2dư=0,1.32=3,2(g)
b)mP2O5=n.M=0,1.142=14,2(g)
\(a.n_P=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ 4P+5O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2P_2O_5\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,35}{5}\\ \Rightarrow SauphảnứngO_2dư\\ n_{O_2\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{P\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,35-0,25\right).32=3,2\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
a)
Số mol photpho : 0,4 (mol).
Số mol oxi : 0,53 (mol).
Phương trình phản ứng :
4P + 5O2 -> 2P2O5
0,4 0,5 0,2 (mol)
Vậy số mol oxi còn thừa lại là :
0,53 – 0,5 = 0,03 (mol).
b) Chất được tạo thành là P2O5 . Theo phương trình phản ứng, ta có :
0,2 (mol).
Khối lượng điphotpho pentaoxit tạo thành là : m = 0,2.(31.2 + 16.5) = 28,4 gam.
a) PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -to-> 2P2O5
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{12,4}{31}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{32}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{0,4}{4}< \dfrac{\dfrac{17}{32}}{5}\)
=> P hết, O2 dư nên tính theo nP.
=> \(n_{O_2\left(phảnứng\right)}=\dfrac{5.0,4}{4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ =>n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{17}{32}-0,5=\dfrac{1}{32}\left(mol\right)\)
b) Chất tạo thành sau phản ứng là P2O5 (điphotpho pentaoxit).
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2.0,4}{4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng P2O5 tạo thành sau phản ứng:
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(a,2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{32}=0,035mol\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1mol\)
\(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{0,035}{1}\) => Cu dư, O2 đủ
\(n_{Cu}\left(dư\right)=0,1-0,07=0,039\left(mol\right)\)
c, \(m_{CuO}=0,07.80=5,6g\)
Bài 2:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,67}{32}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,21}{3}\) => Al dư, O2 đủ
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,21=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,14.102=14,28g\)
a)
\(n_P = \dfrac{6,2}{31} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,05 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,06\) nên O2 dư.
\(n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,3 - 0,25).32 = 1,6(gam)\)
b)
\(n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{n_P}{2} = 0,1(mol)$\\ m_{P_2O_5} = 0,1.142 = 14,2(gam)\)