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\(T=x^4+y^4+z^4\)
áp dụng bđt bunhia cốp -xki với bộ số \(\left(x^2,y^2,z^2\right);\left(1,1,1\right)\)
\(\left(\left[x^2\right]^2+\left[y^2\right]^2+\left[z^2\right]^2\right)\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\ge\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)
\(\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\ge\frac{\left(2xy+2yz+2xz\right)^2}{3}\)(bđt tương đương)
\(\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
dấu "=" xảy rakhi và chỉ khi
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^2}{1}=\frac{y^2}{1}=\frac{z^2}{1}\\x=y=z=1\end{cases}< =>\frac{1^2}{1}=\frac{1^2}{1}=\frac{1^2}{1}}\)(luôn đúng)
vậy dấu "=" có xảy ra
\(< =>MIN:T=\frac{4}{3}\)
sửa dòng 3 dưới lên
\(T\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+xz\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Vậy GTNN T là 1/3 khi \(x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(xy+yz+xz\ge x+y+z\)
\(min=1\); \(x=1,y=1,z=1\); \(x=2,y=2,z=2\)thỏa mãn đk: \(xy+yz+xz\ge x+y+z\)
\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^3+8}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{y^3+8}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{z^3+8}}\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1^3+8}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1^3+8}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1^3+8}}\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1^3+8}}3\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+8}}3\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}}3\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{3}3\ge1\)(đk :\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^3+8}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{y^3+8}}+\frac{z^3}{\sqrt{z^3+8}}\ge1\))
Ta có đánh giá quen thuộc sau: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)kết hợp giả thiết \(xy+yz+zx\ge x+y+z\)suy ra \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\ge x+y+z\ge3\)
Dùng bất đẳng thức Bunyakosky dạng phân thức xét vế trái của bất đẳng thức:
\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^3+8}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{y^3+8}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{z^3+8}}=\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{\left(y+2\right)\left(y^2-2y+4\right)}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{\left(z+2\right)\left(z^2-2z+4\right)}}\ge\frac{2x^2}{x^2-x+6}+\frac{2y^2}{y^2-y+6}+\frac{2z^2}{z^2-z+6}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+6-\left(x+y+z\right)+12}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)+12}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(x+y+z\right)+12}\)Đặt x + y + z = t ≥ 3 xét\(\frac{2t^2}{t^2-t+12}-1=\frac{t^2+t-12}{t^2-t+12}=\frac{\left(t+4\right)\left(t-3\right)}{t^2-t+12}\ge0\)(đúng với mọi t ≥ 3)
Như vậy, \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(x+y+z\right)+12}\ge1\)hay \(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^3+8}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{y^3+8}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{z^3+8}}\ge1\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Áp dụng bđt Cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-2}\le\frac{x-2+1}{2}=\frac{x-1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{y+2014}\le\frac{y+2014+1}{2}=\frac{y+2015}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{z-2015}\le\frac{z-2015+1}{2}=\frac{z-2014}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế: \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{y+2014}+\sqrt{z-2015}\le\frac{x-1+y+2015+z-2014}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=-2013\\z=2016\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si ta có
\(\sqrt{x-2}\le\frac{x-2+1}{2}=\frac{x-1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{y+2014}\le\frac{y+2014+1}{2}=\frac{y+2015}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{z-2015}\le\frac{z-2015+1}{2}=\frac{z-2014}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế
\(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{y+2014}+\sqrt{z-2015}\le\)\(\frac{x-1+y+2015+z-2014}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=-2013\\z=2016\end{cases}}\)
\(x^3+3x^2+3x+1+y^3+3y^3+3y+1+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\right)+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\)
(phần trong ngoặc \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\frac{\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+\frac{3\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+1-\frac{y+1}{4}\right)^2+\frac{3\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+1\) luôn dương)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Mà \(xy>0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\y< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x>0\\-y>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{-x}+\frac{1}{-y}\ge\frac{4}{-\left(x+y\right)}=2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\le-2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=-1\)
2/ \(x;y;z\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{xz+yz+z^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{xy+yz+xz+z^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\) dù trường hợp nào thì thay vào ta đều có \(B=0\)
3/ \(\Leftrightarrow mx-2x+my-y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(x+y\right)-\left(2x+y+1\right)=0\)
Gọi \(A\left(x_0;y_0\right)\) là điểm cố định mà d đi qua
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0+y_0=0\\2x_0+y_0+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0=-1\\y_0=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy d luôn đi qua \(A\left(-1;1\right)\) với mọi m
\(\frac{y}{\sqrt{x+y}-\sqrt{x-y}}< \frac{z}{\sqrt{x+z}-\sqrt{x-z}}\) (1)
<=> \(\frac{y\left(\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x-y}\right)}{\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)}< \frac{z\left(\sqrt{x+z}+\sqrt{x-z}\right)}{\left(x+z\right)-\left(x-z\right)}\)
<=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x-y}}{2}< \frac{\sqrt{x+z}+\sqrt{x-z}}{2}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x-y}< \sqrt{x+z}+\sqrt{x-z}\)
<=> \(2x+2\sqrt{x^2-y^2}< 2x+2\sqrt{x^2-z^2}\)
<=> \(y^2>z^2\) luôn đúng vì x > y > z > 0
Vậy (1) đúng với x > y > z > 0.
\(2=\frac{2}{1}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{1}=\frac{x}{2}=\frac{6}{y}=\frac{z}{5}=\frac{8}{t}\)
*Xét \(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{x}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\cdot2}{1\cdot2}=\frac{x}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{2}=\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow x=4\)
*Xét\(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{6}{y}\)
\(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{6}{y}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\cdot3}{1\cdot3}=\frac{6}{y}\Leftrightarrow\frac{6}{3}=\frac{6}{y}\Rightarrow y=3\)
*Xét \(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{z}{5}\)
\(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\cdot5}{1\cdot5}=\frac{z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\frac{10}{5}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow z=10\)
*Xét \(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{8}{t}\)
\(\frac{2}{1}=\frac{8}{t}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\cdot4}{1\cdot4}=\frac{8}{t}\Leftrightarrow\frac{8}{4}=\frac{8}{t}\Rightarrow t=4\)
Vậy giá trị \(x,y,z,t\)thỏa mãn là\({\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\\z=10\\t=4\end{cases}}\)