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a) \(\left(3x-5\right)\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\left(3x+7\right)-2x\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2-x-15\right)-\left(6x^2+5x-21\right)-\left(2x^2-8x\right)\)
\(=6x^2-x-15-6x^2-5x+21-2x^2+8x\)
\(=-2x^2+2x+6\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-x-3\right)\)
b) \(\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x^4-16\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4+4x^2+4\right)-\left(x^4-16\right)\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-x^4+16\)
\(=4x^2+20\)
\(=4\left(x^2+5\right)\)
c) \(\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\left(x+3y\right)^2-\left(1+3x\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)-\left(9x^2-1\right)\)
\(=4x^2-4xy+y^2-2x^2-16xy-18y^2-9x^2+1\)
\(=-7x^2-20xy-17y^2+1\)
d) \(\left(x^2-1\right)^3-\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1\right)-\left(x^6-1\right)\)
\(=x^6-3x^4+3x^2-1-x^6+1\)
\(=-3x^4+3x^2\)
\(=-3x^2\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=-3x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
e) \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(4x^2-1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(2x-1\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-2\right)^2=4\)
g) \(\left(x-y+z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2-2\left(x-y+z\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y+z\right)^2+2\left(x-y+z\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+z+y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+2z\right)^2\)
h) \(\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(2x+5\right)^2-\left(4x+6\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2-2\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+5\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left(2x+3-2x-5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-2\right)^2=4\)
i) \(5x^2-\dfrac{10x^3+15x^2-5x}{-5x}-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2-\dfrac{-5x\left(-2x^2-3x+1\right)}{-5x}-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2-\left(-2x^2-3x+1\right)-3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=5x^2+2x^2+3x-1-3x-3\)
\(=7x^2-4\)
Bài 1: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) Ta có: \(16x^2-y^2+6y-9\)
\(=16x^2-\left(y^2-6y+9\right)\)
\(=\left(4x\right)^2-\left(y-3\right)^2\)
\(=\left[4x-\left(y-3\right)\right]\left[4x+\left(y-3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(4x-y+3\right)\left(4x+y-3\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(a^2-16a^2b^2+b^2+2ab\)
\(=\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-\left(4ab\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(4ab\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-4ab\right)\left(a+b+4ab\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2-9x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-6x-9\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(mx^2+my^2-nx^2-ny^2\)
\(=m\left(x^2+y^2\right)-n\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(m-n\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+a^2c+b^2c-abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+c\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
f) Ta có: \(4x^2-y^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-y\right)\left(2x-1+y\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(\left(2x+3\right)^2+5\cdot\left(2x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+3+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+8\right)\)
\(=2\left(2x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
h) Ta có: \(3x^2-10x-8\)
\(=3x^2-12x+2x-8\)
\(=3x\left(x-4\right)+2\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
1/
a/ \(x^2+y^2=x^2+y^2+2xy-2xy\)\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
thay vào: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=a^2-2b\)
b/ \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2xy-xy-2xy\right)\)\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right]\)
thay vào: \(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right]=a\left(a^2-3b\right)\)
c/ \(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2x^2y^2=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]^2-2x^2y^2\)
thay vào: \(\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]^2-2x^2y^2=\left(a^2-2b\right)^2-2b^2\)
a: \(=\dfrac{5}{2}x-2x+\dfrac{7}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{7}{2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{-1}{4}x^4-3x^2+\dfrac{9}{4}x\)
c: \(=\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{1}{15}xy+\dfrac{7}{10}x^2\)
d: \(=-9x^3-1-12y+27xy\)
A=\(x^3-2x^2+x\)
=x.(x2-2x+1)
=x(x-1)2
B=\(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)
=\(2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)
=\(2.\left[\left(x+1\right)^1-y^2\right]\)
=\(2\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
C=\(2xy-x^2-y^2+16\)
=\(-\left(-2xy+x^2+y^2-16\right)\)
=\(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4^2\right]\)
=-(x-y-4)(x-y+4)
D=\(x^3+2x^2y+xy^2-9x\)
=\(x\left(x^2+2xy-y^2-9\right)\)
=\(x.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\right]\)
=x.(x-y-3)(x-y+3)
E=\(2x-2y-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-2y\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
=\(2\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
=(x-y)(2x-2y-x+y)
=(x-y)(x+y)
a, 3x - 3y = 3( x- y )
b, x2 - x =x(x - 1)
c, 3(x - y) - 5x(y - x)
= 3(x - y) + 5x(x - y)
= ( x - y)(3 + 5x)
d, x(y - 1) - y(y - 1)
= (x - y)(y - 1)
e, 10x(x - y)-8y( y - x)
= 10x(x - y) + 8y(x - y)
= (10y + 8x)(x - y)
f, 2x2 +5x3 +xy
= x(2x + 5x2 + y)
g, 14x2y - 21xy2 +28x2y2
= 7xy(2x - 3y + 4xy)
h, x2 - 3x + 2
= x2 - x - 2x + 2
= x(x - 1)- 2(x - 1)
= (x - 2)(x - 1)
i, x2 - x - 6
x2 + 2x - 3x - 6
x(x + 2) - 3(x + 2)
(x + 2)(x - 3)
k, x2 + 5x+6
= x2 - x + 6x + 6
=x(x - 1) + 6(x + 1)
= x(x - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= (x - 6)(x - 1)
l,x2 - 4x + 3
= x2 - x - 3x + 3
= x(x - 1) - 3(x - 1)
= (x - 3)(x - 1)
m, x2 + 5x +4
= x2 + x + 4x + 4
= x(x + 1) + 4(x + 1)
= (x + 4)(x + 1)
1,Thực hiện phép tính :
a, (x + 2)9 : (x + 2)6
=(x+2)9-6
=(x+2)3
b, (x - y) 4 : (x - 2)3
=(x-y)4-3
=x-y
c, ( x2+ 2x + 4)5 : (x2 + 2x + 4)
=(x2+2x+4)5-1
=(x2+2x+4)4
d, 2(x2 + 1)3 : 1/3(x2 + 1)
=(2÷1/3).[(x2+1)3÷(x2+1)]
=6(x2+1)2
e, 5 (x - y)5 : 5/6 (x - y)2
=(5÷5/6).[(x-y)5÷(x-y)2]
=6(x-y))3
a/ \(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4+y^4}+\frac{8y^8}{x^8-y^8}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4+y^4}+\frac{8y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4x^4y^4-4y^8+8y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4x^4y^4+4y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4-y^4}=4\)
.............................................................................
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x-y}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5y=4x\)
b/ Ta có:
\(a-b=a^3+b^3>0\)
Ta lại có:
\(a^2+b^2< a^2+b^2+ab\)
Ta chứng minh
\(a^2+b^2+ab< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)< a-b=a^3+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-b^3< a^3+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^3>0\) (đúng)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh