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a) \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-2bc\right)+\left(c^2+a^2-2ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a. \(x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)( đpcm )
nhân cả hai vế a2+b2+c2=ab+ac+bc cho 2 ta được:
2.(a2+b2+c2)=2.(ab+ac+bc)
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2=2ab+2ac+2bc
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0
<=>a2-2ab+b2+a2-2ac+c2+b2-2bc+c2=0
<=>(a-b)2+(a-c)2+(b-c)2=0
<=>a-b=0và a-c=0 và b-c=0
<=>a=b và a=c và b=c
=>a=b=c
(ab+bc+ca)2=a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abbc+2bcca+2caac
=a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abc(a+b+c)
a+b+c=0
=>(ab+bc+ca)2=a2b2+b2c2+c2a2 (đpcm)
\(\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2\left(ab.bc+ab.ac+bc.ac\right)\)
\(=a^2b^2+a^2c^2+b^2c^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=a^2b^2+a^2c^2+b^2c^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)\)
\(=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
Suy ra, \(ĐTBĐ\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow VT\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c (đpcm)