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1.
C/m bổ đề: \(a^3-b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a^3-b^3\right)\) với \(\forall a,b\in R,a\ge b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-4b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2-3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Theo bài ra: \(a^3-b^3\ge3a-3b-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Cần c/m: \(\left(a-b\right)^3\ge12a-12b-16\)(1)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-12\left(a-b\right)+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^3-8\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)+4\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-8\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)^2\left(a-b+4\right)\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b thỏa mãn \(a,b\in R,a\ge b\))
2.
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}+\frac{1}{\frac{c+d}{cd}}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{cd}{c+d}\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab\left(c+d\right)+cd\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\le\)\(\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc+abd+acd+bcd}{ac+ad+bc+bd}\le\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad+ab+bc+cd\right)\left(ac+ad+bc+bd\right)\ge\)\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(abc+abd+acd+bcd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad\right)^2-2abcd+\left(bc\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b,c,d>0)
a)đpcm<=>(a2+3)2>4(a2+2)<=>(a2+1)2>0(lđ)
b)đpcm<=>\(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Theo AM-GM\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^4+b^4+b^4+b^4\ge4a^3b\\b^4+a^4+a^4+a^4\ge4b^3a\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b
c)AM-GM:\(VT\ge256\left|abcd\right|\ge256abcd\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi hai số bằng 2, hai số còn lại bằng -2 hoặc cả 4 số bằng 2 hoặc cả 4 số bằng -2
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^6+b^6+a^5b+ab^5\ge a^6+b^5+a^4b^2+a^2b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5b-a^4b^2+ab^5-a^2b^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b\left(a-b\right)-ab^4\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
f/ \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}+a^2b^2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^8b^2}{b^2}}=2a^4\) ; \(\frac{b^6}{a^2}+a^2b^2\ge2b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge2a^4+2b^4-2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^4+b^4-2a^2b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge a^4+b^4\)
a/ \(VT=a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\)
\(VT=a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(VT\ge6\sqrt[6]{a^6b^6c^6}=6\left|abc\right|\ge6abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b+b^3-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Bạn tham khảo:
Câu hỏi của tran duc huy - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
a)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel:
\(VT=\left(\frac{a^4}{a}+\frac{b^4}{b}+\frac{c^4}{c}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right]^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b) \(VT-VP=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c) Theo câu b và BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\Rightarrow3.3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right]=\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
câu 1: \(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(a+\frac{4}{b\left(a-b\right)^2}=a-b+b+\frac{4}{b\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge a-b+2\sqrt{\frac{4b}{b\left(a-b\right)^2}}=a-b+\frac{4}{a-b}\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(a-b+\frac{4}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}+b\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}}+b=\frac{4}{b+1}+b+1-1\ge4-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:\(\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b+c\right)=b\left(a^2+c^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{b\left(a^2+c^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
Tương tự\(\Rightarrow\)VT=\(\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{b\left(a^2+c^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(x=a\left(b^2+c^2\right)\);\(y=b\left(a^2+c^2\right)\);\(z=c\left(b^2+a^2\right)\)
VT=\(\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{x+z}{y}}\ge3\sqrt[6]{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}}\ge3\sqrt{2}\)(BĐT Cô-si)
Dấu''='' xra\(\Leftrightarrow\)a=b=c
Ta có: \(\left(a^5+b^5\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^6+ab^5+b^6+a^5b\right)\ge a^6+a^2b^4+a^4b^2+b^6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^5+a^5b-a^2b^4-a^4b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(b^4+a^4-ab^3-a^3b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4-ab^3-a^3b\ge0\left(Vì:ab>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4-a^3b\right)+\left(b^4-ab^3\right)\ge0\)
\(a^3\left(a-b\right)+b^3\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\left(luôn-đúng\forall a,b\right)\)
Vì: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(a^2ab+b^2=a^2+ab+\frac{b^2}{4}+\frac{3}{4}b^2\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
Từ trên ta suy ra: \(\left(a^5+b^5\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)vớiab>0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Thật ra mình thấy đến chỗ
(a-b)^2 . (a^2+ab+b^2) >= 0
Giải thích là ab>0 nên auto >= 0 là đc rồi
Không cần khai triển ra lắm :v