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a.
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
(luôn đúng)
b. Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab,a^2+1\ge2a,b^2+1\ge2b\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\ge2\left(ab+a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
c. Tương tự câu b
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có
i. \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{bc}},\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
k. Tương tự câu i
bđt \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2}{2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
mặt khác: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a}\)
do đó cần CM: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2}{2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{9}{2}\) (1)
\(VT_{\left(1\right)}=\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\ge3.\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
1) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=9=VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $a=b=c.$
2) Từ (1) suy ra \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\ge\frac{3^2}{a+b+c}+\frac{1^2}{d}\ge\frac{\left(3+1\right)^2}{a+b+c+d}=VP\)
Đẳng thức..
3) Ta có \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\) với $a,b,c>0.$
Cho $c=1$ ta nhận được bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh.
4) Đặt \(a=x^2,b=y^2,S=x+y,P=xy\left(S^2\ge4P\right)\) thì cần chứng minh $$(x+y)^8 \geqq 64x^2 y^2 (x^2+y^2)^2$$
Hay là \(S^8\ge64P^2\left(S^2-2P\right)^2\)
Tương đương với $$(-4 P + S^2)^2 ( 8 P S^2 + S^4-16 P^2 ) \geqq 0$$
Đây là điều hiển nhiên.
5) \(3a^3+\frac{7}{2}b^3+\frac{7}{2}b^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{3a^3.\left(\frac{7}{2}b^3\right)^2}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{147}{4}}ab^2>9ab^2=VP\)
6) \(VT=\sqrt[4]{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^8}\ge\sqrt[4]{64ab\left(a+b\right)^2}=2\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)\sqrt{ab}}=VP\)
Có thế thôi mà nhỉ:v
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^6+b^6+a^5b+ab^5\ge a^6+b^5+a^4b^2+a^2b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5b-a^4b^2+ab^5-a^2b^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b\left(a-b\right)-ab^4\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
f/ \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}+a^2b^2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^8b^2}{b^2}}=2a^4\) ; \(\frac{b^6}{a^2}+a^2b^2\ge2b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge2a^4+2b^4-2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^4+b^4-2a^2b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge a^4+b^4\)
a/ \(VT=a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\)
\(VT=a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(VT\ge6\sqrt[6]{a^6b^6c^6}=6\left|abc\right|\ge6abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b+b^3-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
d/ Đặt \(x=a+b\) , \(y=b+c\) , \(z=c+a\)
thì : \(a=\frac{x+z-y}{2}\) ; \(b=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\) ; \(c=\frac{y+z-x}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{\frac{x+z-y}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y-z}{2}}{z}+\frac{\frac{y+z-x}{2}}{x}\)
\(=\frac{z+x-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}+\frac{y+z-x}{2x}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}-3\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}.6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
b/ \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2b^2-2abc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2c^2-2abc+a^2\right)+\left(c^2a^2-2abc+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-c\right)^2+\left(bc-a\right)^2+\left(ca-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu dc chứng minh.
4.
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
5.
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{bc.ca}}=\frac{2}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{bc}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{ca}\right)^2\ge\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}.\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
2.
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt[]{\frac{ab.bc}{ca}}=2b\) ; \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
3.
Từ câu b, thay \(c=1\) ta được:
\(ab+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge a+b+1\)