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Câu 1:
\(\dfrac{x^2-10x+21}{x^3-7x^2+x-7}=\dfrac{\left(x-7\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-7\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+1}\)
\(\dfrac{2x^2-x-15}{2x^3+5x^2+2x+5}=\dfrac{2x^2-6x+5x-15}{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{x^2-10x+21}{x^3-7x^2+x-7}=\dfrac{2x^2-x-15}{2x^3+5x^2+2x+5}\)
a ) \(\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{3x+6}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{3}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{2x^2+x-1}{6x-3}=\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{3\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{3}\) (2)
Từ (1) ; (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{3x+6}=\dfrac{2x^2+x-1}{6x-3}\) (đpcm)
b ) \(\dfrac{15x-10}{3x^2+3x-\left(2x+2\right)}=\dfrac{5\left(3x-2\right)}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5}{x+1}\) (3)
\(\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5}{x^3+1}=\dfrac{5\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5}{x+1}\) (4)
Từ (3) và (4) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{15x-10}{3x^2+3x-\left(2x+2\right)}=\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5}{x^3+1}\) (đpcm)
a) \(\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{3x+6}=\dfrac{x^2+x+2x+2}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(2x+2\right)}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{3}\left(1\right)\) \(\dfrac{2x^2+x-1}{6x-3}=\dfrac{2x^2+2x-x-1}{3\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{2x\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)}{3\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{3\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{3}\left(2\right)\) Từ (1)và (2)=> \(\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{3x+6}=\dfrac{2x^2+x-1}{6x-3}\) b)\(\dfrac{15x-10}{3x^2+3x-\left(2x+2\right)}=\dfrac{5\left(3x-2\right)}{3x\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5\left(3x-2\right)}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5}{x+1}\left(3\right)\) \(\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5}{x^3+1}=\dfrac{5\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\dfrac{5}{x+1}\left(4\right)\) Từ (3) và (4) => \(\dfrac{15x-10}{3x^2+3x-\left(2x+2\right)}=\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5}{x^3+1}\)
a) \(\dfrac{x}{x-3}+\dfrac{9-6x}{x^2-3x}=\dfrac{x^2}{x\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{9-6x}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-6x+9}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)^2}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x-3}{x}\)
Bài 7:(Sbt/25) Dùng tính chất cơ bản của phân thức hoặc quy tắc đổi dấu để biến mỗi cặp phân thức sau thành một cặp phân thức bằng nó và có cùng mẫu thức :
a. \(\dfrac{3x}{x-5}\) và \(\dfrac{7x+2}{5-x}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{3x}{x-5}=\dfrac{-\left(3x\right)}{-\left(x-5\right)}=\dfrac{-3x}{5-x}\)
\(\dfrac{7x+2}{5-x}\)
Vậy .....
b.\(\dfrac{4x}{x+1}\) và \(\dfrac{3x}{x-1}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{4x}{x+1}=\dfrac{4x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{4x^2-4x}{x^2-1}\)
\(\dfrac{3x}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{3x^2+3x}{x^2-1}\)
Vậy ..........
c. \(\dfrac{2}{x^2+8x+16}\) và \(\dfrac{x-4}{2x+8}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2}{x^2+8x+16}=\dfrac{4}{2\left(x+4\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{x-4}{2x+8}=\dfrac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}{2\left(x+4\right)\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-16}{2\left(x+4\right)^2}\)
Vậy .........
d. \(\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}\) và \(\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{2x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{2x^2-4x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-9}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
Vậy .........
1.
a) \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a, \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)+\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=-4\) hoặc \(x=-1\)
b, \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=3\) hoặc \(x=-2\)
a.
\(\dfrac{x+3}{x-2}+\dfrac{4+x}{2-x}\\ =\dfrac{x+3}{x-2}-\dfrac{4+x}{x-2}\\ =\dfrac{x+3-4-x}{x-2}\\ =-\dfrac{1}{x-2}\)
b. \(\dfrac{x+1}{2x+6}+\dfrac{2x+3}{x^2+3x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x+4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+5x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+3x+2x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2}{2x}\)
c. \(\dfrac{3}{2x+6}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
d. \(\dfrac{2x+6}{3x^2-x}:\dfrac{x^2+3x}{1-3x}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{x\left(3x-1\right)}:\dfrac{-x\left(x+3\right)}{3x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{x\left(3x-1\right)}.\dfrac{-\left(3x-1\right)}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3}{2x+6}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x^2+6x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) MTC: \(2x\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-\left(x-6\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}+\dfrac{5x+6}{4-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{5x+6}{x^2-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{x+2}+\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{5x+6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\) MTC: \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{5x+6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x+6\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-8+2x+4-5x-6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-10}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-4x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}-\dfrac{3x-2}{4x^2-2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-3x}{2x}+\dfrac{3x-2}{2x-1}-\dfrac{3x-2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\) MTC: \(2x\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x\left(3x-2\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}-\dfrac{3x-2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)+2x\left(3x-2\right)-\left(3x-2\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-1-6x^2+3x+6x^2-4x-3x+2}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2x+1}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(2x-1\right)}{2x\left(2x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{2x}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{x^3-1}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\) MTC: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2+2x-4-x^2-x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3+x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
a) 32x−332x−3 và 3x+62x2+x−63x+62x2+x−6
Cách 1: Dùng định nghĩa hai phân thức bằng nhau.
32x−332x−3= 3x+62x2+x−63x+62x2+x−6
Vì : 3(2x2+x−6)=6x2+3x−183(2x2+x−6)=6x2+3x−18
=6x2+12x−9x−186x2+12x−9x−18
=2x(3x+6)−3(3x+6)2x(3x+6)−3(3x+6)
=(2x−3)(3x+6)(2x−3)(3x+6)
Cách 2: Rút gọn phân thức
3x+62x2+x−6=3(x+2