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\(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=-\frac{b}{c-a}-\frac{c}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{b}{a-c}+\frac{c}{b-a}\)
\(=\frac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\) ( 1 )
Tương tự,ta có:
\(\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{c^2-ba+ba-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\) ( 2 )
\(\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{a^2-ac+cb-b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\) ( 3 )
Cộng vế theo vế của ( 1 );( 2 );( 3 ) suy ra đpcm
Lời giải:
Đặt \((\frac{a-b}{c}, \frac{b-c}{a}, \frac{c-a}{b})=(x,y,z)\)
Khi đó:
\(Q=(x+y+z)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3+\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}\)
Ta có:
\(x+y=\frac{a-b}{c}+\frac{b-c}{a}=\frac{a^2-ab+bc-c^2}{ac}=\frac{b(c-a)-(c-a)(c+a)}{ca}\)
\(=\frac{b(c-a)-(c-a)(-b)}{ac}=\frac{2b(c-a)}{ca}\) (do $a+b+c=0$)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{2b(c-a)}{ca}.\frac{b}{c-a}=\frac{2b^2}{ca}=\frac{2b^3}{abc}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{y+z}{x}=\frac{2c^3}{abc}; \frac{x+z}{y}=\frac{2a^3}{abc}\)
Do đó:
\(Q=3+\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{x+z}{y}=3+\frac{2(a^3+b^3+c^3)}{abc}=3+\frac{2[(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3]}{abc}\)
\(=3+\frac{2[(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3]}{abc}=3+\frac{2.3abc}{abc}=3+6=9\)
Ta có đpcm.
*Đặt P = (a-b)/c + (b-c)/a + (c-a)/b, ta có:
P = (a-b)/c + (b-c)/a + (c-a)/b
=> abc.P = ab(a-b) + bc(b-c) + ca(c-a)
= ab(a-b) + bc(b-a + a-c) + ca(c-a)
= ab(a-b) - bc(a-b) - bc(c-a) + ca(c-a)
= b(a-b)(a-c) + c(c-a)(a-b)
= (a-b)(a-c)(b-c)
=> P = (a-b)(a-c)(b-c)/abc
*Đặt Q = c/(a-b) + a/(b-c) + b/(c-a), ta có:
Vì a+b+c = 0 => a+b = -c ; b+c = -a ; c+a = -b
Q = c/(a-b) + a/(b-c) + b/(c-a)
=> (a-b)(b-c)(c-a).Q = c(b-c)(c-a) + a(a-b)(c-a) + b(a-b)(b-c)
= c(b-c)(c-a) + (-b-c)(a-b)(c-a) + b(a-b)(b-c)
= c(b-c)(c-a) – c(a-b)(c-a) – b(a-b)(c-a) + b(a-b)(b-c)
= c(c-a)(2b-a-c) + b(a-b)(a+b-2c)
= 3bc(c-a) – 3bc(a-b)
= 3bc(b+c-2a)
= 3bc(-a-2a)
= -9abc
=> Q = -9abc/(a-b)(b-c)(c-a) = 9abc /(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)
Vậy P.Q = 9 (đpcm)
A = \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
= \(a.\frac{a}{b+c}+b.\frac{b}{a+c}+c.\frac{c}{a+b}\)
=\(a.\frac{a}{b+c}+1-1+b.\frac{b}{a+c}+1-1+c.\frac{c}{a+b}+1-1\)
= \(\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}-a+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-b+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-c\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
= (a+b+c) - (a+b+c) = 0
Gọi \(M=\frac{a-b}{c}+\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\)
Ta có : \(M.\frac{c}{a-b}=1+\frac{c}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\right)=+\frac{c}{a-b}\left(\frac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{c}{a-b}.\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^3}{abc}\)
Tương tự : \(M.\frac{a}{b-c}=1+\frac{2a^3}{abc};M.\frac{b}{c-a}=+\frac{2b^3}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=3+\frac{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{abc}=9\)(vì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\))
theo bất đẳng thức côsi ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc\)
\(\left(c+a\right)^2\ge4ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
tau lam theo cach nay hoi dai nhung van dung
xet:a2/b2+c2-a/b+c=ab(a-b)+ac(a-c)/(b2+c2)(b+c)(1)
tg tu:b2/c2+a2-b/c+a=bc(b-c)+ab(b-a)/(a2+c2)(c+a)(2)
c2/a2+b2-c/a+b=ac(c-a)+cb(c-b)(3)
lay(1)+(2)+(3) roi dat thua so chung ab(a-b);ac(c-a);bc(b-c) ra roi gia su a=>b=>c>0 suy ra bieu thuc trong ngoac ko am =>dpcm