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Bài 1:
a) \(x=\frac{a+1}{a+9}=\frac{a+9-8}{a+9}=\frac{a+9}{a+9}-\frac{8}{a+9}=1-\frac{8}{a+9}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+9\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{-8;-4;-2;-1;1;2;4;8\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-17;-13;-11;-10;-8;-7;-5;-1\right\}\)
b) \(x=\frac{a-1}{a+4}=\frac{a+4-5}{a+4}=\frac{a+4}{a+4}-\frac{5}{a+4}=1-\frac{5}{a+4}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+4\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-9;-5;-3;1\right\}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
Để \(t\in Z\)thì \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;4;6;12\right\}\)
b)\(q=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2x-6}{x-3}+\frac{7}{x-3}=\frac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}+\frac{7}{\left(x-3\right)}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)
Để \(q\in Z\)thì \(x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4;2;4;10\right\}\)
c)\(p=\frac{3x-2}{x+3}=\frac{3x+9}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=3-\frac{11}{x+3}\)
Để \(p\in Z\)thì \(x+3\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-14;-4;-2;8\right\}\)
Bài 3:
Gọi \(d\inƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}7\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(14m+63\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(14m+63\right)-\left(14m+62\right)\right]⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
\(\RightarrowƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)=1\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{2m+9}{14m+62}\)là p/s tối giản
a, Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a-b}\)
(=) \(\frac{b}{ab}-\frac{a}{ab}=\frac{1}{a-b}\)
(=) \(\frac{b-a}{ab}=\frac{1}{a-b}\)
(=) \(\left(b-a\right).\left(a-b\right)=ab\)
Vì a,b là 2 số dương
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}ab>0\left(1\right)\\\left(b-a\right).\left(a-b\right)< 0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1) và (2) => Không tồn tại hai số a,b để \(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a-b}\)
b, Cộng vế với vế của 3 đẳng thức ta có :
\(x+y+y+z+x+z=-\frac{7}{6}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{12}\)
(=) \(2.\left(x+y+z\right)=-\frac{5}{6}\)
(=) \(x+y+z=\frac{-5}{12}\)
Ta có : \(x+y+z=\frac{-5}{12}\left(=\right)-\frac{7}{6}+z=-\frac{5}{12}\left(=\right)z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có \(x+y+z=\frac{-5}{12}\left(=\right)x+\frac{1}{4}=-\frac{5}{12}\left(=\right)x=-\frac{2}{3}\)
Lại có \(x+y+z=-\frac{5}{12}\left(=\right)y+\frac{1}{12}=-\frac{5}{12}\left(=\right)y=\frac{-1}{2}\)
1) Ta có : Đặt M = 3x + 1 + 3x + 2 + ... + 3x + 100
= 3x(3 + 32 + ... + 3100)
= 3x[(3 + 32 + 33 + 34) + (35 + 36 + 37 + 38) + ... + (397 398 + 399 + 3100)]
= 3x[(3 + 32 + 33 + 34) + 34.(3 + 32 + 33 + 34) + ... + 396.(3 + 32 + 33 + 34)]
= 3x(120 + 34.120 + .... + 396.120)
= 3x.120.(1 + 34 + .... + 396)
=> \(M⋮120\)(ĐPCM)
2) Ta có \(\frac{3a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+3b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+3c}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a+b+c}{a}-2=\frac{a+3b+c}{b}-2=\frac{a+b+3c}{c}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)
Nếu a + b + c = 0
=> a + b = - c
b + c = -a
c + a = -b
Khi đó P = \(\frac{-c}{c}+\frac{-a}{a}+\frac{-b}{b}=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-3\)
Nếu a + b + c \(\ne\)0
=> \(\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Khi đó P = \(\frac{2c}{c}+\frac{2a}{a}+\frac{2b}{b}=2+2+2=6\)
Vậy nếu a + b + c = 0 thì P = -3
nếu a + b + c \(\ne\)0 thì P = 6
Ta có :
\(3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}+3^{x+3}+...+3^{x+100}\)
\(=\left(3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}+3^{x+3}+3^{x+4}\right)+...\)\(+\left(3^{x+97}+3^{x+98}+3^{x+99}+3^{x+100}\right)\)
\(=3^x\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+3^{x+96}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\)
\(=3^x.120+3^{x+4}.120+...+3^{x+96}.120\)
\(=120.\left(3^x+3^{x+4}+...+3^{x+96}\right)\)
Vì \(120⋮120\)
\(\Rightarrow120.\left(3^x+3^{x+4}+...+3^{x+96}\right)⋮120\)
\(\Rightarrow3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}+3^{x+3}+...+3^{x+100}⋮120\left(\forall x\inℕ\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|-6x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=6x\)
Ta có: \(\left|x+1\right|\ge0;\left|x+2\right|\ge0;\left|x+4\right|\ge0;\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow6x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=x+1+x+2+x+4+x+5=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+12=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6\)
Vậy x = 6
b) Giải:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2y-6}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}=\frac{x-2-2y+6+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\frac{\left(x-2y+3z\right)-\left(2-6+9\right)}{8}\)
\(=\frac{14-5}{8}=\frac{9}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow x-2=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{17}{4}\)
+) \(\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow y-3=\frac{27}{8}\Rightarrow y=\frac{51}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow z-3=\frac{9}{2}\Rightarrow z=\frac{15}{2}\)
Vậy ...
c) \(5^x+5^{x+1}+5^{x+2}=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x+5^x.5+5^x.5^2=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.\left(1+5+5^2\right)=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.31=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=125\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=5^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
Vậy x = 3
a, \(x^2=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2}=\sqrt{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{7}\left(\circledast\right)\)
Giả sử \(\sqrt{7}\) là 1 số hữu tỉ
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{7}=\frac{a}{b}\left(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b\in Z\\b\ne0\\\text{ƯCLN}\left(a;b\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\sqrt{7}\cdot b\\ \Rightarrow a^2=7\cdot b^2\\ \Rightarrow a^2⋮7\Rightarrow a⋮7\left(1\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=7k\left(k\in Z\right)\)
Khi đó ta có: \(\left(7k\right)^2=7\cdot b^2\\ \Rightarrow49\cdot k^2=7\cdot b^2\\ \Rightarrow7\cdot k^2=b^2\\ \Rightarrow b^2⋮7\\ \Rightarrow b⋮7\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow a;b⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Điều giả sử là sai
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{7}\) không là số hữu tỉ
Thay vào \(\left(\circledast\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) x không phải là số hữu tỉ (đpcm)
khó hiểu quá
