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1.
PT $\Leftrightarrow y^2+2xy+x^2=x^2+3x+2$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2=(x+1)(x+2)$
Với $x\in\mathbb{Z}$ dễ thấy rằng $(x+1,x+2)=1$. Do đó để tích của chúng là scp thì $x+1,x+2$ cũng là những scp.
Đặt $x+1=a^2, x+2=b^2$ với $a,b\in\mathbb{N}$
$\Rightarrow b^2-a^2=1\Leftrightarrow (b-a)(b+a)=1$
Với $a,b\in\mathbb{N}$ dễ thấy $b-a=b+a=1$
$\Rightarrow b=1; a=0$
$\Rightarrow x=-1$
$(x+y)^2=(x+1)(x+2)=0\Rightarrow y=-x=1$
Vậy $(x,y)=(-1,1)$
2.
Đặt $x-1=a$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,y>0$. CMR:
$\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{a^3}{y^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}\geq 3(\frac{1-2a}{a}+\frac{a+1}{y})$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{a^3}{y^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+6\geq \frac{3}{a}+\frac{3a}{y}+\frac{3}{y}$
BĐT trên luôn đúng do theo BĐT AM-GM thì:
$\frac{1}{a^3}+1+1\geq \frac{3}{a}$
$\frac{1}{y^3}+1+1\geq \frac{3}{y}$
$\frac{a^3}{y^3}+1+1\geq \frac{3a}{y}$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=y=1$
$\Leftrightarrow x=2; y=1$
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}\cdot x^2\cdot\left(x-y\right)=x^2\)
b: \(=\sqrt{27\cdot48}\cdot\left|a-2\right|=36\left(a-2\right)\)
c: \(=\left(\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2011}\right)^2\)
d: \(=\dfrac{8}{7}\cdot\dfrac{-x}{y+1}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{11}{12}\cdot\dfrac{x}{-y-2}=\dfrac{-11x}{12\left(y+2\right)}\)
a) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{16a^4b^6}}{\sqrt{128a^6b^6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4a^2b^3}{8\sqrt{2}a^3b^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}a}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4a}\)
b) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}}\)
chịu đấy :v
c) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(3-x\right)^2}}+\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{3-x}+\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{-\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-3}\)
\(=-\dfrac{x-2}{x-3}+\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x-2\right)+x^2-1}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x+1+x^2}{x-3}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y-2\sqrt{y}+1^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^4}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}{\left(x-1\right)^4}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}}{\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2\sqrt{y}+1}}{x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}-x+1}\)
e) \(4x-\sqrt{8}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3+2x^2}}{\sqrt{x+2}}\)
\(=4x-2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)}}{\sqrt{x+2}}\)
\(=4x-2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x^2}\)
\(=4x-2\sqrt{x}+x\)
\(=5x-2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 2:
a: \(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{5a}\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left|5a\right|}=\dfrac{-1}{5a}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot15\cdot\left|a\right|=5\left|a\right|\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(y+3\right)-xy=100\\xy-\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>xy+3x+2y+6-xy=100 và xy-xy+2x+2y-4=64
=>3x+2y=94 và 2x+2y=68
=>x=26 và x+y=34
=>x=26 và y=8
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4\\\dfrac{2x+2-2}{x+1}-\dfrac{5y+20-11}{y+4}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4-3=1\\\dfrac{-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{11}{y+4}=9+5-2=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x+1=18/35; y+4=9/13
=>x=-17/35; y=-43/18
1.Ta có :\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2-xy+y^2\) (do x+y=1)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :\(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x^3+y^3\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
2.
a) Sửa đề: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-a^2b\right)+\left(b^3-ab^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì \(a,b\ge0\))
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
b) Lần trước mk giải rồi nhá
3.
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel\(P=\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{3+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{1}{y+1}=\dfrac{1}{z+1}\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
b) \(Q=\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+1}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{x^2.1}}+\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{y^2.1}}+\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{z^2.1}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{2x}+\dfrac{y}{2y}+\dfrac{z}{2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Từ giả thiết suy ra:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)+\left(x+y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+2y^2-2xy+2x+2y+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Mà xy>0 nên x,y cùng nhỏ hơn 0
Áp dụng AM-GM,ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(-x\right)\left(-y\right)}\le\dfrac{-x-y}{2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow xy\le1\Rightarrow\dfrac{-2}{xy}\le-2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{-2}{xy}\le-2\)