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\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)(Đúng)
"=" khi a=b=c
Ta có BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\)BĐT luôn đúng
Biến đổi tương đương:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\ge3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ac+bc}\ge3\)
b/ \(VT=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ac+bc}+\frac{ab+ac+bc}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}+\frac{ab+ac+bc}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}+2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{9\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\ge\frac{8.3}{9}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(0\le a,b,c\le1\Rightarrow b\ge b^2;c\ge c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b^2+c^3\le a+b+c\)
\(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-b-a+ab\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\left(a+b+c\right)+ab+bc+ca-abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c-ab-bc-ca\le1-abc\le1\)
=> đpcm
a,Ta có:\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(a^2+c^2\ge2ac\)
\(b^2+c^2\ge2bc\)
Cộng theo từng về 3 bđt trên ta đc:
\(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)
Xảy ra dấu đt khi \(a=b=c\)
b,\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)(chia cả 2 vế cho \(a+b>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+b^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
Xảy ra dấu đẳng thức khi \(a=b\)
c,\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+b^2+c^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Xảy ra đẳng thức khi \(a=b=c=0\)
Phần b mình tặng thêm một cách giải không dùng biến đổi tương đương:
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)\(\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)=ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Dấu bằng tại a=b
\(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)+b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Dấu ">" xảy ra khi
\(\left(a^2+2ab\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}b^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}b^2>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}b^2>0\)
@Toyama Kazuha Giải kiểu gì vậy bạn?
\(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}=ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Vì \(1\ge a,b,c\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow b^2\le b;c^3\le c\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b^2+c^3-ab-bc-ca\le a+b+c-ab-bc-ca\) (1)
Vì \(1\ge a,b,c\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+a+b+c-ab-bc-ca-1\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c-ab-bc-ca\le1-abc\)
Mà \(a,b,c\ge0\Rightarrow abc\ge0\Rightarrow-abc\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c-ab-bc-ca\le1\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow a+b^2+c^3-ab-bc-ca\le1\)
\(1.\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(2.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=0\)
\(3.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
4. Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow c^2+d^2\ge2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge2ab+2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3ab+3cd\)
Ta lại có:\(\left(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{cd}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow ab+cd\ge2\sqrt{abcd}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\c=d\\ab=cd\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d\)
a) Đơn giản, tự chứng minh
b) Cách 1: Áp dụng BĐT câu a: \(VT\ge\left(a^2+ab-b^2\right)+\left(b^2+bc-c^2\right)+\left(c^2+ca-a^2\right)=ab+bc+ca=VP\)(đpcm)
Cách 2:
Ta chứng minh BĐT chặt hơn: \(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\) (vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\))
Giả sử \(b=min\left\{a,b,c\right\}\).Bằng phương pháp B-W (Buffalo way) ta phân tích được:
\(VT-VP=\frac{\left(4a^2c+4abc-b^3+3b^2c-bc^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+b\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)\left(a+b-2c\right)^2}{4abc}\ge0\)
P/s: Cách 2 tuy dài nhưng rất hay vì đây là phân tích bằng tay (không cần dùng phần mềm)!
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+a^2\right)\right]\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2ab+2bc+2ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-2bc\right)+\left(c^2+a^2-2ac\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\right]\ge0\)(đúng)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
c1: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
--> đpcm
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a=b=c
c2: Áp dụng bđt AM-GM