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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\); \(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\); ......... ; \(\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+........+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2013}{2014}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 2)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
Xét \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
Xét \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( thỏa mãn đề bài )
Vậy \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Đặt \(B=2013+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\left(2013-2013\right)\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)
\(=0+\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{2015}{2014}\)
\(=2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
Thay B vào A ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2015\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2015}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1}{2015}\)
B=\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+.....+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
3B=\(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+.....+\frac{1}{3^{2011}}+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
3B-B=\(\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{3^{2011}}+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+....+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\right)\)
2B=\(1-\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(3B=\frac{1}{3}.3+\frac{1}{3^2}.3+\frac{1}{3^3}.3+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}.3\)
\(3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
\(3B-B=2B=\)
3B= \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}\)
B= \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2012}}+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
2B= 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 +.......+ 0 - \(\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(B< \frac{1}{2}\).
em thử nhân S với 5 rồi lấy 5S= S thử đi
chị làm toàn như vậy
ko bt có đc ko nữa
\(M=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}+\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(5M=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M=1-\frac{1}{5^{2014}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}< \frac{1}{3}\)
Chứng minh rằng :
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+..+\frac{1}{3^{2014}}\) \(< \frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2014}}\)=>\(3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\)
=>\(3A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2013}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2014}}\right)\)
=>\(2A=1-\frac{1}{2^{2014}}< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)