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a) \(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
b) \(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}-2=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
a, \(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{2}^2\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b, \(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}-2\)
\(=x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{2}^2\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
1/
\(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+y^3}{x-6y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3-3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3}{x-6y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-6x^2y}{x-6y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x-6y\right)}{x-6y}\)
\(=x^2\)
\(2\)/
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2xz-2yz}{x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y+z^{ }\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-y+z}{x-y-z}\)
3/
\(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!}{n!\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{n!\left(n+1\right)}{n!\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{n+1}{n+2}\)
4/
\(\dfrac{n!}{\left(n+1\right)!-n!}\)
\(=\dfrac{n!}{n!\left(n+1\right)-n!}\)
\(=\dfrac{n!}{n!\left[\left(n+1\right)-1\right]}\)
\(=\dfrac{n!}{n!.n}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{n}\)
5/
\(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!-\left(n+2\right)!}{\left(n+1\right)!+\left(n+2\right)!}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!-\left(n+1\right)!\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)!+\left(n+1\right)!\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!\left(-n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right)!\left(n+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-n-1}{n+3}\)
\(a^2+\left(a+1\right)^2=a^2+a^2+2a+1\\ =2a^2+2a+1>2a\left(a+1\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+\left(a+1\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{2a\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{25}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^{^2}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{1^2+2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2+4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}\\ < \dfrac{1}{2.1.\left(1+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2.2\left(2+1\right)}+....+\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{1}{2n+2}< \dfrac{5}{12}< \dfrac{9}{20}\)
b.
\(B=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{2}{2.3.4}+....+\dfrac{2}{\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}-\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\)
Bài 1.
a) Do hai phân thức bằng nhau , ta có :
( x +2)P( x2 - 22) = ( x - 1)Q( x -2)
=( x + 2)P( x - 2)( x + 2) = ( x - 1)Q( x - 2)
Suy ra : P = x - 1 ; Q = ( x + 2)2
b) Do hai phân thức bằng nhau , ta có :
( x + 2)P(x2 - 2x + 1) = ( x - 2)Q( x2 - 1)
= ( x + 2)P( x - 1)2 = ( x - 2)Q( x - 1)( x + 1)
Suy ra : P = ( x - 2)( x + 1) = x2 - x - 2
Q = ( x + 2)( x - 1) = x2 + x + 2
Bài 2. a) Do : \(\dfrac{P}{Q}=\dfrac{R}{S}=>PS=QR\)
Xét : ( P + Q)S= PS + QS = QR + QS = Q( R + S)
-> \(\dfrac{P+Q}{Q}=\dfrac{R+S}{S}\)
b) Do : \(\dfrac{P}{Q}=\dfrac{R}{S}=>PS=QR\)
Xét : ( S - R)P = PS - PR = QR - PR = R( Q - P)
-> \(\dfrac{R-S}{R}=\dfrac{Q-P}{P}\)
- > \(\dfrac{R}{R-S}=\dfrac{P}{Q-P}\)
a) \(\left(3x^{n+1}-y^{n-1}\right)-3\left(x^{n+1}+5y^{n-1}\right)-4\left(x^{n+1}+2y^{n-1}\right)\)
\(=3x^{n+1}-y^{n-1}-3x^{n+1}-15y^{n-1}+4x^{n+1}+8y^{n-1}\)
\(=-8y^{n-1}+4x^{n+1}\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{4}x^{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{2}y^n\right)\cdot2xy-\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x^{n+1}-\dfrac{5}{6}y^n\right)\cdot7xy\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}x^{n+2}y-xy^{n+1}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}x^{n+1}-\dfrac{5}{6}y^n\right)\cdot7xy\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}x^{n+2}y-xy^{n+1}-\dfrac{14}{3}x^{n+2}y+\dfrac{35}{6}xy^{n+1}\)
\(=-\dfrac{19}{6}x^{n+2}y+\dfrac{29}{6}xy^{n+1}\)
a)\(\left(3x^{n+1}-y^{n-1}\right)-3\left(x^{n+1}+5y^{n-1}\right)+4\left(x^{n+1}+2y^{n-1}\right)\)
\(=3x^{n+1}-y^{n-1}-3x^{n+1}-15y^{n-1}+4x^{n+1}+8y^{n-1}\)
\(=4x^{n+1}-8y^{n-1}\) \(\left(=4\left(x^{n+1}-2y^{n-1}\right)\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=1\)
Ta có \(1+a^2=a^2+ab+bc+ac=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Tương tự ta được \(1+b^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\); \(1+c^2=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]^2\) \(\Rightarrow A\) là số chính phương
5. phân tích ra : \(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1\)
áp dụng bđ cosy
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}=2\)
=> đpcm
6. \(x^2-x+1=x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}.x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
hay với mọi x thuộc R đều là nghiệm của bpt
7.áp dụng bđt cosy
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2.c^2.d^2}=4abcd\left(đpcm\right)\)
xuất phát từ vế phải và quy đồng mẫu thức, ta có :
VP=\(\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}=\dfrac{n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{n}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{n+1-n}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(dpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\)
<=>\(\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\dfrac{n}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
<=>1=n+1-n
<=>1=1
vậy \(\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\)