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a, x2 - 2x + 3 = x2 - 2x + 1 + 2 = (x - 1)2 + 2
Mà (x - 1)2 > hoặc = 0 => (x - 2)2 + 2 > 0 với mọi x
a) ta có : \(\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5=x-1-2x^2+2x-5\)
\(=-2x^2+3x-6=-\left(2x^2-3x+6\right)=-\left(\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}x+\left(\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{8}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{8}\right)=-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\le0\) với mọi \(x\)
\(-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\le\dfrac{-39}{8}< 0\) với mọi \(x\)
vậy \(\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5< 0\) (đpcm)
b) ta có : \(-x^2-y^2+2x+2y-3\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2x-1\right)+\left(-y^2+2y-1\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-1=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-1\)
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge\forall x\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\\-\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\) với mọi \(x;y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-1\le-1< 0\) với mọi \(x;y\)
vậy \(-x^2-y^2+2x+2y-3< 0\) (đpcm)
\(a,A=\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5\)
\(=x-1-2x^2+2x-5\)
\(=-2x^2+3x-6\)
\(=-\left(2x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{8}\right)-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
\(=-\left[\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}x.\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}+\left(\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\right]-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Ta có :
\(-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\le0\) \(\Rightarrow-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\le-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Hay A \(\le-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x=\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}:\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(Min_A=-\dfrac{39}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
a: \(\dfrac{3x-1}{2-5x}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x-1}{5x-2}>0\)
=>x>2/5 hoặc x<1/3
b: \(\dfrac{3x-2}{1-2x}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x-2-1+2x}{1-2x}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5x-3}{2x-1}>0\)
=>x>3/5 hoặc x<1/2
c: \(\dfrac{2x\left(3x-5\right)}{x^2+1}< 0\)
=>2x(3x-5)<0
=>x(3x-5)<0
=>0<x<5/3
\(-x^2+x-3\) \(=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}-3\)
\(=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{11}{4}\)
Vì \(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\)với mọi số thực x
nên \(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{11}{4}\le-\frac{11}{4}< 0\)
Bài 1:
\(x^3-x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x = 1 hoặc x = -1
Bài 2:
\(2x-2x^2-1=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
tổng cưa hai số băng 144 nếu lấy số lớn chia cho số lơpn được thương là 4 dư 24
\(3x-x^2-3< 0\)
\(-\left(x^2-3x+3\right)< 0\)
\(-\left(x^2-2.\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9}{4}+3\right)< 0\)
\(-\left[\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]< 0\) ( luôn đúng vì \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall x\))