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\(\left(x+y\right)^4+x^4+y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)^2+x^4+y^4\)
\(=x^4+4x^2y^2+y^4+x^4+y^4+4x^3y+2x^2y^2+4xy^3\)
\(=2x^4+2y^4+6x^2y^2+4x^3y+4xy^3\)
\(=2\left(x^4+y^4+3x^2y^2+2x^3y+2xy^3\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^4+y^4+x^2y^2+2x^2y^2+2x^3y+2xy^3\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)^2\)
1. \(B=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x+1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2-4x-12-x^3-3x^2-3x-1\)
\(=-7x-13\)
2. \(64-x^2-y^2+2xy=64-\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\)
\(=64-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(8+x-y\right)\left(8-x+y\right)\)
3. \(2x^3-x^2+2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2.\left(2x-1\right)+\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
Vì \(x^2\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow x^2+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1=0\)\(\Rightarrow2x=1\)\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1.
B = ( x - 2 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 ) - ( x + 1 )3
= ( x2 - 4 )( x + 3 ) - ( x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 )
= x3 + 3x2 - 4x - 12 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1
= -7x - 13
Bài 2.
64 - x2 - y2 + 2xy
= 64 - ( x2 - 2xy + y2 )
= 82 - ( x - y )2
= ( 8 - x + y )( 8 + x - y )
Bài 3.
2x3 - x2 + 2x - 1 = 0
<=> ( 2x3 - x2 ) + ( 2x - 1 ) = 0
<=> x2( 2x - 1 ) + 1( 2x - 1 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x - 1 )( x2 + 1 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=0\\x^2+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)( vì x2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 ∀ x )
a)hiệu hai lập phương
b) tổng hai lập phương
hằng đẳng thức có sẵn
A = (b - c)³ + (c - a)³ + (a - b)³
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức : a³ + b³ = (a + b)³ - 3ab(a + b) :
A = [(b - c)³ + (c - a)³] + (a - b)³
= [(b - c) + (c - a)]³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)[(b - c) + (c - a)] + (a - b)³
= (b - a)³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)(b - a) + (a - b)³
= [- (a - b)³] - 3(b - c)(c - a)[- (a - b)] + (a - b)³
= - (a - b)³ + 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a) + (a - b)³
= 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a)A = (b - c)³ + (c - a)³ + (a - b)³
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức : a³ + b³ = (a + b)³ - 3ab(a + b) :
A = [(b - c)³ + (c - a)³] + (a - b)³
= [(b - c) + (c - a)]³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)[(b - c) + (c - a)] + (a - b)³
= (b - a)³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)(b - a) + (a - b)³
= [- (a - b)³] - 3(b - c)(c - a)[- (a - b)] + (a - b)³
= - (a - b)³ + 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a) + (a - b)³
= 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a)A = (b - c)³ + (c - a)³ + (a - b)³
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức : a³ + b³ = (a + b)³ - 3ab(a + b) :
A = [(b - c)³ + (c - a)³] + (a - b)³
= [(b - c) + (c - a)]³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)[(b - c) + (c - a)] + (a - b)³
= (b - a)³ - 3(b - c)(c - a)(b - a) + (a - b)³
= [- (a - b)³] - 3(b - c)(c - a)[- (a - b)] + (a - b)³
= - (a - b)³ + 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a) + (a - b)³
= 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a)
a) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3x^2y+3x^2z+3y^2z+3xy^2+3xz^2+3yz^2+6xyz-x^3-y^3-z^2\)
\(=3x^2y+3xy^2+3x^2z+3xz^2+3y^2z+3yz^2+6xyz\)
\(=3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xz\left(x+z\right)+3yz\left(y+z\right)+6xyz\)
\(=3\left[xy\left(x+y\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+2xyz\right]\)
\(=3\left[xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz\right]\)
\(=3\left[xy\left(x+y\right)+xz\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
b) \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-y+y-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\right]+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\right]-\left(x-z\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(x-z\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-y+z\right)+\left(y-z-x+z\right)\left(y-z+x-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z-y+2z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(3z-3y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3\)
\(=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\)
\(=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2+b^3\)
\(=6a^2b+2b^3\)
\(=2b\left(3a^2+b^2\right)\)
a/\(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3\)
\(=\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\)\(=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2+b^2\)
\(=6ab^2+2b^3\)(rút gọn hết)
b/\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x-y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-3xy\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3z\left(x+y\right)-3xy\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2xz+2xz+2xy-3xz-3yz-3xy\right).\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
Hok tốt
\(\left(a+b\right)^3-a^3-b^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-a^3-b^3\)
\(=3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\((a+b)^3-a^3-b^3\\=(a+b)^3-(a^3+b^3)\\=(a+b)^3-(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)\\=(a+b)[(a+b)^2-(a^2-ab+b^2)]\\=(a+b)(a^2+2ab+b^2-a^2+ab-b^2)\\=3ab(a+b)\)