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1/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1;y\ge4\)
\(M=\frac{1\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{2.\sqrt{y-4}}{2y}\le\frac{1+x-1}{2x}+\frac{4+y-4}{4y}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(M_{max}=\frac{3}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-4}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
2/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+4x+4=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2=8=2^2+2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=4\\\left(x+2\right)^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
3/ \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+1\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y^2}}=\frac{2x}{y}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+1\ge\frac{2y}{z}\) ; \(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+1\ge\frac{2z}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}+3\ge\frac{2x}{y}+\frac{2y}{z}+\frac{2z}{x}=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}+3\ge\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+3\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
a) \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Ta được điều phải chứng minh.
\(x,y,z\ge1\)nên ta có bổ đề: \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\frac{2}{ab+1}\)
ÁP dụng: \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}+\frac{1}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\ge\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{\sqrt[3]{xyz^4}}}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{1+\sqrt[4]{\sqrt[3]{x^4y^4z^4}}}=\frac{4}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(x=y=z\)hoặc x=y,xz=1 và các hoán vị
trc giờ mấy bài này tui toàn quy đồng thôi, may có cách này =))
3, \(P=a+b+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{2}{b}\)
=\(\left(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\right)+\frac{a+b}{2}\)
AD bđt cosi vs hai số dương có:
\(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2a}.\frac{a}{2}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2}.\frac{2}{b}}=2\)
Có \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) (vì a+b \(\ge3\))
=> \(P=\left(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\right)+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge1+2+\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> P \(\ge4.5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2a}=\frac{a}{2}\\\frac{b}{2}=\frac{2}{b}\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1\\b^2=4\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a=2,b=3
Vậy minP=4.5 <=>a=1,b=2
\(P=x+\left(y^2+1\right)+\left(z^3+1+1\right)-3\ge x+2y+3z-3\)
Ta lại có: \(6=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{4}{2y}+\frac{9}{3z}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+2y+3z}\Rightarrow x+2y+3z\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6-3=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
1. \(A=\frac{3x^4+16}{x^3}=3x+\frac{16}{x^3}=x+x+x+\frac{16}{x^3}\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{x\cdot x\cdot x\cdot\frac{16}{x^3}}=4\cdot2=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{16}{x^3}\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy Min A = 8 \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
3. \(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2-x}{x}+1\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9x}{2-x}\cdot\frac{2-x}{x}}+1=2\cdot3+1=7\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x}{2-x}=\frac{2-x}{x}\Leftrightarrow3x=2-x\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Min A = 7 \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta đặt: \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c;\frac{1}{t}=d\) ( a, b, c, d >0 )
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh:
\(\frac{a^3}{\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{cd}+\frac{1}{db}}+\frac{b^3}{\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{cd}+\frac{1}{da}}+\frac{c^3}{\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bd}+\frac{1}{da}}+\frac{d^3}{\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
\(VT=\frac{a^3}{\frac{b+c+d}{bcd}}+\frac{b^3}{\frac{a+c+d}{acd}}+\frac{c^3}{\frac{a+b+d}{abd}}+\frac{d^3}{\frac{a+b+c}{abc}}\)
\(=\frac{a^3}{\frac{a\left(b+c+d\right)}{abcd}}+\frac{b^3}{\frac{b\left(a+c+d\right)}{abcd}}+\frac{c^3}{\frac{c\left(a+b+d\right)}{abcd}}+\frac{d^3}{\frac{d\left(a+b+c\right)}{abcd}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{b+c+d}+\frac{b^2}{a+c+d}+\frac{c^2}{a+b+d}+\frac{d^2}{a+b+c}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{3}=VP\)
Vậy ta đã chứng minh được
\(\frac{a^3}{\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{cd}+\frac{1}{db}}+\frac{b^3}{\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{cd}+\frac{1}{da}}+\frac{c^3}{\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bd}+\frac{1}{da}}+\frac{d^3}{\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = d
Vậy :
\(\frac{1}{x^3\left(yz+zt+ty\right)}+\frac{1}{y^3\left(xz+zt+tx\right)}+\frac{1}{z^3\left(xy+yt+tx\right)}+\frac{1}{t^3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = t = 1
\(\frac{x^4+y^4+z^4+t^4}{x^3+y^3+z^3+t^3}=\frac{\left(x^4+y^4+z^4+t^4\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\right)}{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3+t^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3+t^3}{x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2}=\frac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3+t^3\right)\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\right)\left(x+y+z+t\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2}{x+y+z+t}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+t\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z+t\right)}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại x=y=z=t=1/4
Bài làm có tham khảo của GOD Đạt Hồ