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Đặt: \(VT=\frac{x^2}{y+2}+\frac{y^2}{z+2}+\frac{z^2}{x+2}\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy, ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{y+2}+\frac{1}{9}\left(y+2\right)\ge\frac{2}{3}x\) và \(\frac{y^2}{z+2}+\frac{1}{9}\left(z+2\right)\ge\frac{2}{3}y\)và \(\frac{z^2}{x+2}+\frac{1}{9}\left(x+2\right)\ge\frac{2}{3}z\)
Cộng vế theo vế, ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z+6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{5}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{2}{3}\) ( 1 )
Theo BĐT Cauchy, ta chứng minh được:
@ \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3xyz\ge xy+yz+zx\Leftrightarrow3\ge\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
@ \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{9}{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\ge\frac{9}{3}=3\) ( 2 )
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{5}{9}.3-\frac{2}{3}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)( thỏa đề bài )
Ta có:
\(A=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{8x}+\frac{1}{8x}\right)+\left(y^2+\frac{1}{8y}+\frac{1}{8y}\right)+\left(z^2+\frac{1}{8z}+\frac{1}{8z}\right)+\frac{6}{8}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2.\frac{1}{8x}.\frac{1}{8x}}+3\sqrt[3]{y^2.\frac{1}{8y}.\frac{1}{8y}}+3\sqrt[3]{z^2.\frac{1}{8z}.\frac{1}{8z}}+\frac{6}{8}\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{6}{8}.\frac{9}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{27}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1/2
Vậy min A = 27/4 tại x = y = z = 1/2
Áp dụng BDT AM-GM ta có:\(VT\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y+z+1}+\frac{y}{x+z+1}+\frac{z}{x+y+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{VT}{3}\ge\frac{x^2}{xy+xz+x}+\frac{y^2}{yz+yx+y}+\frac{z^2}{xz+zy+z}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xy+z}\) (Cauchy-Schwarz)
Do \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le x^2+y^2+z^2\).Suy ra
\(2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z\le2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Suy ra \(\frac{VT}{3}\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=1\Rightarrow VT\ge3\) (điều phải chứng minh)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
\(A\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{81\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3.64\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}}+\frac{27}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{27}{4}\)
\(A_{min}=\frac{27}{4}\) khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si,ta có :
x4 + yz \(\ge\)\(2\sqrt{x^4yz}=2x^2\sqrt{yz}\); \(y^4+xz\ge2y^2\sqrt{xz}\); \(z^4+xy\ge2z^2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^4+xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^4+xy}\le\frac{x^2}{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{2y^2\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{2z^2\sqrt{xy}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xy}}\)
CM : x + y + z \(\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^4+xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^4+xy}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3xyz}{xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các cặp số dương, ta có: \(\Sigma\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}\le\Sigma\frac{x^2}{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}=\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{yz}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3xyz}{xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1