Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Khi x;y;z dương thì biểu thức này không tồn tại min, chỉ tồn tại max
Nó tồn tại min khi x;y;z là các số thực không âm
Xét hàm \(h\left(t\right)=f\left(t\right)-m.g\left(t\right)\)
Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(t\right)=\sqrt{3t^2+1}\\g\left(t\right)=t\\m=\dfrac{f'\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)}{g'\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy xét hàm: \(h\left(t\right)=\sqrt{3t^2+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}t\)
\(\Rightarrow h'\left(t\right)=\dfrac{3t}{\sqrt{3t^2+1}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow h'\left(t\right)=0\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bảng biến thiên
Theo bảng biến thiên:
\(h\left(t\right)\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3t^2+1}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}t\)
\(\sqrt{3x^2+1}+\sqrt{3y^2+1}+\sqrt{3z^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=2\sqrt{3}\left(x+y+z=1\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Trên mình tìm nhầm thành min gòi, mà bài này tìm max nên làm như này nhé
Vì \(x,y,z\in\left[0,1\right]\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\le x\\y^2\le y\\z^2\le z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{3x^2+1}\le\sqrt{x^2+2x+1}=x+1\)
Tương tự:
\(\sqrt{3x^2+1}+\sqrt{3y^2+1}+\sqrt{3z^2+1}\le x+y+z+3=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(0,0,1\right)\) và các hoán vị của nó
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x;y;z\ge0\\x+y+z=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow0\le x;y;z\le1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(1-x\right)\ge0\\y\left(1-y\right)\ge0\\z\left(1-z\right)\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-x^2\ge0\\y-y^2\ge0\\z-z^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\le x\\y^2\le y\\z^2\le z\end{cases}}\)
Ta có \(S=\sqrt{3x^2+1}+\sqrt{3y^2+1}+\sqrt{3z^2+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{x^2+2x^2+1}+\sqrt{y^2+2y^2+1}+\sqrt{z^2+2z^2+1}\)
\(\le\sqrt{x^2+2x+1}+\sqrt{y^2+2y+1}+\sqrt{z^2+2z+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z+1\right)^2}\)
\(=x+1+y+1+z+1\)
\(=x+y+z+3=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = 0 ; z = 1 và các hoán vị
xét :\(\sqrt{3a^2+1}=< a+1\)
=>\(3a^2+1=< a^2+2a+1\)
=>\(2a\left(a-1\right)=< 0\)luon dung
ap dụng bđt vừa chứng minh ta có :S>=x+y+z+3=1
xay ra dấu = khi x=y=0,z=1(hoán vị)
Câu 1:
\(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}+2\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{8}+2+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\)
Ta lại có: \(1=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow1\ge16x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{17}{8}+\frac{255}{16}=\frac{289}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
Áp dụng BDT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}\)
CMTT rồi cộng vế với vế ta có.\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\cdot4\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
a/ \(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=\left(xy-\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Suy ra Min M = 4 . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
b/ Đề đúng phải là \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.\frac{3}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có bđt \(\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)\)
\(\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)\)
Áp dụng nhiều lần bđt trên ta được
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\frac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+\left(x+2y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right)\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\right]\)\)
\(\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
C/m tương tự cho các bđt còn lại
\(\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)\)
\(\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\)\)
Cộng vế theo vế được
\(\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{y+z}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.6=\frac{3}{2}\)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2x=6}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\\frac{3}{2x}=6\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\x=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)\)
\(\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)\)
Vậy ..........
cách khác :))
\(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y+z\le3\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-z}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-y}+\frac{1}{3\left(x+y+z\right)-x}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{9\left(x+y+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.3}=\frac{3}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz, ta được:
\(\left(9x^3+3y^2+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{9x}+\frac{1}{3}+z\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}\le\frac{x\left(\frac{1}{9x}+\frac{1}{3}+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{x}{3}+zx}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{y}{3}+xy}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(2); \(\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}+\frac{z}{3}+yz}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}+\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}+\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}\)\(\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}.3+\frac{x+y+z}{3}+xy+yz+zx}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{1}{9}.3+\frac{x+y+z}{3}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=1\)(*)
Mặt khác, có: \(2017\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le2017.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=\frac{2017}{3}\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra \(A=\frac{x}{9x^3+3y^2+z}+\frac{y}{9y^3+3z^2+x}+\frac{z}{9z^3+3x^2+y}+2017\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\le1+\frac{2017}{3}=\frac{2020}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
x,y,z không âm thỏa mãn
\(1\ge\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+3}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z+6}\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
\(P=\frac{a+b+c}{9}+\frac{1}{a+b+c}+\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8.3}{9}=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)
P min = 10/3 khi a+b+c = 3
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{1}}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3}=\frac{1}{3\left(xy+zx+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}\)
Tương tự ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(3y+1\right)\left(z+x\right)+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\) ; \(\frac{1}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(x+y\right)+z}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại:
\(A\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A\le\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\) khi đó:
\(3A\le\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)+1}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(2bc-bc\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(2ca-ca\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+1}+\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)+1}+\frac{1}{ca\left(c+a\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{ca\left(c+a\right)+abc}\)
\(=\frac{c}{a+b+c}+\frac{a}{b+c+a}+\frac{b}{c+a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy Max(A) = 1 khi x = y = z = 1
Câu hỏi của Pham Van Hung - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z\ge0\\x+y+z=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow0\le x;y;z\le1\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\le\sqrt{3x+1}\le2\\1\le\sqrt{3y+1}\le2\\1\le\sqrt{3z+1}\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{3x+1};\sqrt{3y+1};\sqrt{3z+1}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\le a;b;c\le2\\a^2+b^2+c^2=3\left(x+y+z\right)+3=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(A=a+b+c\)
Do \(1\le a\le2\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2\le3a\Leftrightarrow a\ge\frac{a^2+2}{3}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(b\ge\frac{b^2+2}{3}\) ; \(c\ge\frac{c^2+2}{3}\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(a+b+c\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+6}{3}=\frac{6+6}{3}=4\)
\(A_{min}=4\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;1;2\right)\) và hoán vị hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và hoán vị