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Sửa: \(P=2x^4+x^3\left(2y-1\right)+y^3\left(2x-1\right)+2y^4\); x+y=1
Ta có \(P=2x^4+x^3\left(2y-1\right)+y^3\left(2x-1\right)+2y^4=2x^4+2x^3y-x^3+2xy^3-y^3+2y^4\)
\(=x^3\left(2x+2y\right)+y^3\left(2x+2y\right)-\left(x^3+y^3\right)=\left(2x+2y\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+2y-1\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=x^3+y^3\)
Do \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=x^2-xy+y^2=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
Mà \(x+y=1\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=1\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge1\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
áp dụng tính chất |A|+|B|>+|A+B|
y=|x-2|+|1-x|\(\ge\)|x-2+1-x|=|-1|=1
vậy gtri nhỏ nhất y=1 khi (x-2)(1-x)\(\ge0\)
<=> \(-1\le2\)
các câu sau tương tự nha
Lời giải:
1)
PT hoành độ giao điểm:
\(x^2-3x+5-(x+b)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+(5-b)=0\)
Để 2 ĐTHS có một điểm chung thì pt hoành độ giao điểm có một nghiệm duy nhất
\(\Leftrightarrow \Delta'=2^2-(5-b)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=1\)
2)
\(M=|2x+3|+|x-1|\)
\(2M=2|2x+3|+|2x-2|=(|2x+3|+|2x-2|)+|2x+3|\)
\(=(|2x+3|+|2-2x|)+|2x+3|\)
\(\geq |2x+3+2-2x|+|2x+3|\)
\(\geq |3+2|+0=5\)
\(\Rightarrow M\geq \frac{5}{2}\). Vậy \(M_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} (2x+3)(2-2x)\geq 0\\ 2x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(x+2y=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}+y\)
\(P+\dfrac{6}{2}=\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{x}{2}+y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P+\dfrac{6}{2}=\left(\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+y\right)\)
vì x;y là số thực dương ,áp dụng BĐT Côsi ta có :
\(\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{x}{2}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{x}{2}}=2\sqrt{4}=2.2=4\)
\(\dfrac{1}{y}+y=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{y}+y}=2\sqrt{1}=2.1=2\)
nên \(P+\dfrac{6}{2}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge6-\dfrac{6}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge3\)
vậy \(P_{min}=3\)
1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
We have : \(A=x+y+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\)
\(Applying\) C-S we have : \(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\ge2;\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\ge1\)
x + y \(\ge3\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
So : \(A\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2+1=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)
\(y=\left(2x^2+\frac{16}{x}+\frac{16}{x}\right)-\frac{27}{x}+1\ge24-\frac{27}{2}+1=\frac{23}{2}\)
Equelity iff \(x=2\)
P=\(\left\{\frac{2x+1}{x}\right\}^2\)+\(\left\{\frac{2y+1}{y}\right\}^2\)=\(\left\{2+\frac{1}{x}\right\}^2\)+\(\left\{2+\frac{1}{y}\right\}^2\) >= 2.\(\left\{2+\frac{1}{x}\right\}^{ }\)\(\left\{2+\frac{1}{y}\right\}^{ }\)
P>= 2.\(\left\{4+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{xy}\right\}^{ }\)
P>=8 + 4\(\left\{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right\}^{ }\) + \(\frac{2}{xy}\)
P>= 8 + 4.\(\left\{\frac{x+y}{xy}\right\}^{ }\)+\(\frac{2}{xy}\)
P>= 8+ \(\frac{4}{xy}\)+\(\frac{2}{xy}\)
P>= 8+ \(\frac{6}{xy}\)>= 8+ 6.\(\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)>= 8 + 6.4= 32
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y =\(\frac{1}{2}\)