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dùng hằng đẳng thúc cho mẫu rút gọn ta được
\(\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}-\frac{1}{Y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)=\(\frac{y^2+y+1-x^2-x-1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)+\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+1+x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=\(\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{2xy+x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
1/
\(x^2-xy-2y^2=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy-2xy-2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y\right)-2y\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\Rightarrow x=2y\) (do \(x+y\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
2/
\(x^4-30x^2+31x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x-30x^2+30x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-30\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-30\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-30=0\\x^2-x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\\\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+y=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-x\\x-1=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-1\right)^2=x^2\\\left(x-1\right)^2=y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{-1}{x^2+3y}+\frac{1}{y^2+3x}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-y^2-3x+x^2+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3x^3+3y^3+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-3x+3y}{\left(xy\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right)+9xy}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(xy\right)^2+3}=0\)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}\)
\(=\frac{1-y}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{1-x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=\frac{-x^2-x-1+y^2+y+1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y^2-x^2\right)+y-x}{x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)+y-x}{x^2y^2+x^2y+xy^2+x^2+xy+y^2+x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{y-x+y-x}{x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x\left(x+y\right)+y^2+x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+xy+x+y^2+x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+x\left(y+1\right)+y^2+x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+\left(1-y\right)\left(y+1\right)+y^2+\left(x+y\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+1-y^2+y^2+1+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
để cm thì ta cần cm nó đúng khi x+y=1
x+y=1
y=-(x-1) và x=-(y-1)
thế vào ta được
-(x-1)/(x^3-1)--(y-1)/(y^3-1)=2(x-y)/(x^2y^2+3)
ta có x^3-1=(x-1)(x^2+x+1),y^3-1=(y-1)(y^2+y+1)
từ đó rút gọn ta được -1/(x^2+x+1)+1/(y^2+y+1)=2(x-y)/(x^2y^2+3)
1/(y^2+y+1)-1/(x^2+x+1)=2(x-y)/(x^2y^2+3)
(x^2+x+1-y^2-y-1)/(y^2+y+1)(x^2+x+1)=2(x-y)/(x^2y^2+3)
ta có x^2+x+1-y^2-y-1=x^2-y^2+x-y=(x-y)(x+y)+x-y=(x-y)(x+y+1)=2(x-y)
từ đó suy ra 2(x-y)/(y^2+y+1)(x^2+x+1)=2(x-y)/(x^2y^2+3)
suy ra (y^2+y+1)(x^2+x+1)=x^2+y^2+3
x^2y^2+xy^2+y^2+x^2y+xy+y+x^2+x+1=x^2y^2+3
x^2y^2+(xy^2+y^2+x^2y+xy+x^2)+x+y+1=x^2y^2+3
x^2y^2+(xy^2+y^2+x^2y+xy+x^2)+2=x^2y^2+3
ta có xy^2+y^2+x^2y+xy+x^2
=xy(x+y)+xy+y^2+x^2
=x^2+2xy+y^2
=(x+y)^2
=1^2
=1
thế vào ta được
x^2y^2+3=x^2y^2+3
vậy pt trên đúng khi x+y=1
Tk mình đi mọi người mình bị âm nè!
Ai tk mình mình tk lại cho!!
Ta có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+x+y+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy+2=x^2y^2+3\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(y^2-x^2\right)+\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y+1\right)=-2\left(x-y\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có: (sửa đề luôn)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=-\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
Ta có \(y^3-1=\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)=-x\left(y^2+y+1\right)\)
(vì \(xy\ne0\Rightarrow x,y\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow x-1\ne0;y-1\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}\)
\(x^3-1=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=-y\left(x^2-x+1\right)\Rightarrow\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{-1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}+\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{-1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=-\left(\frac{x^2+x+1+y^2+y+1}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}\right)=-\left(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+\left(x+y\right)+2}{x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+\left(x+y\right)+1}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{4-2xy}{x^2y^2+3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}+\frac{y}{x^3-1}-\frac{2\left(xy-2\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
Biến đổi \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{x^4-x-y^4+y}{\left(y^3-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x^4-y^4\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
(Do x+y=1 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-1=-x\\x-1=-y\end{cases}}\))
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+y^2x+y^2+yx^2+xy+y+x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+y^3-1\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+2\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-x+y^2-y\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\right]}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(-y\right)+y\left(-x\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(-2xy\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(x+y=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=-y\\y-1=-x\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)^3+3y\left(y-1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)^3+3x\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{-x^3-3xy}-\frac{y}{-y^3-3xy}=\frac{x}{-x\left(x^2+3y\right)}-\frac{y}{-y\left(y^2+3x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{x^2+3y}+\frac{1}{y^2+3x}=\frac{-\left(y^2+3x\right)+\left(x^2+3y\right)}{\left(x^2+3y\right)\left(y^2+3x\right)}=\frac{-y^2-3x+x^2+3y}{x^2y^2+3x^3+3y^3+9xy}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)-3\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3\left(x^3+y^3\right)+9xy}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]+9xy}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3\left(1-3xy\right)+9xy}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3-9xy+9xy}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)( đpcm )