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Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}=\frac{2+\sqrt{4\left(1+x^2\right)}}{2x}\le\frac{2+\frac{4+1+x^2}{2}}{2x}=\frac{9+x^2}{4x}\)
tương tự : \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{9+y^2}{4y}\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{9+z^2}{4z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{\left(9+x^2\right)yz+\left(9+y^2\right)xz+\left(9+z^2\right)xy}{4xyz}\)
\(=\frac{9\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}{4xyz}\le\frac{9\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\left(xyz\right)^2}{4xyz}=\frac{4\left(xyz\right)^2}{4xyz}=xyz\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{1+x}=a\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=b\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=c\). Lúc đó a + b + c = 1
Ta có: \(a=\frac{1}{1+x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1-a}{a}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}=\frac{b+c}{a}\)(Do a + b + c = 1)
Tương tự ta có: \(y=\frac{c+a}{b};z=\frac{a+b}{c}\)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)\(\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\)*đúng*
Vậy \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2
BĐT <=> \(\sqrt{\frac{x+yz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+xz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+xy}{xyz}}\ge1+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xz}}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)
Khi đó \(a+b+c=1\)
BĐT <=>\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ac}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Khi đó \(VT\ge a+b+c+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
BĐT cho tương đương với
\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ca}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\)
Với \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z};a+b+c=1\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}\)
\(=\sqrt{a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+bc}\ge\sqrt{a^2+2a\sqrt{bc}+bc}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Tương tự
\(\sqrt{b+ca}\ge b+\sqrt{ca};\sqrt{c+ab}\ge c+\sqrt{ab}\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
Từ giả thiết:\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{x}=a,\frac{1}{y}=b,\frac{1}{z}=c\)\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\frac{1}{x}+x}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\frac{1}{y}+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\frac{1}{z}+z}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+\frac{1}{a}}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+\frac{1}{b}}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+\frac{1}{c}}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\)
Đến đây:\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+b}.\frac{a}{a+c}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right);\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức lại ta có điều phải chứng minh :))